Use of a catalyst in a method of reducing a substrate, the method comprising contacting a substrate with a catalyst, optionally in the presence of a co-substrate, thereby to generate a reduced substrate. The catalyst is a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 70% identity to SEQ ID NO: 7. In some methods, the substrate concentration is at least 50 mM.

Use of a catalyst in a method of reducing a substrate, the method comprising contacting a substrate with a catalyst, optionally in the presence of a co-substrate, thereby to generate a reduced substrate. The catalyst is a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 70% identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 7 or SEQ ID NO: 9. In the method the substrate concentration is at least 50 mM.

The disclosure relates to engineered enone reductase polypeptides having improved properties, polynucleotides encoding the engineered polypeptides, related vectors, host cells, and methods for making the engineered enone reductase polypeptides. The disclosure also provides methods of using the engineered enone reductase polypeptides for chemical transformations.

The invention relates to a method for producing flavone glycoside dihydrochalcones, having the following steps: (a) providing a transgenic microorganism containing (i) a first nucleic acid portion (A) containing a gene which codes for a bacterial chalcone isomerase and (ii) a second nucleic acid portion (B) containing a gene which codes for a bacterial enoate reductase, (b) adding one or more flavone glycosides to the transgenic microorganism under conditions which allow the simultaneous isomerization and reduction of the flavone glycoside into the flavone glycoside dihydrochalcone, and optionally (d) isolating and purifying the final product, wherein the nucleic acid portion (A) (1) is a nucleotide sequence according to SEQ ID NO:1, in which the nucleic acid portion (A) according to SEQ ID NO:3 has been cut out, or (2) is an amino acid sequence according to SEQ ID NO:2, in which the amino acid portion (A) according to SEQ ID NO:4 has been cut out.

This document describes biochemical pathways for producing 2-aminopimelate from 2,6-diaminopimelate, and methods for converting 2-aminopimelate to one or more of adipic acid, adipate semialdehyde, caprolactam, 6-aminohexanoic acid, 6-hexanoic acid, hexamethylenediamine, or 1,6-hexanediol by decarboxylating 2-aminopimelate into a six carbon chain aliphatic backbone and enzymatically forming one or two terminal functional groups, comprised of carboxyl, amine or hydroxyl group, in the backbone.

The disclosure relates to engineered enone reductase polypeptides having improved properties, polynucleotides encoding the engineered polypeptides, related vectors, host cells, and methods for making the engineered enone reductase polypeptides. The disclosure also provides methods of using the engineered enone reductase polypeptides for chemical transformations.

The invention provides a non-naturally occurring microbial organism having an adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam pathway. The microbial organism contains at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an enzyme in the respective adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam pathway. The invention additionally provides a method for producing adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam. The method can include culturing an adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam producing microbial organism, where the microbial organism expresses at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam pathway enzyme in a sufficient amount to produce the respective product, under conditions and for a sufficient period of time to produce adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam.

The disclosure relates to engineered enone reductase polypeptides having improved properties, polynucleotides encoding the engineered polypeptides, related vectors, host cells, and methods for making the engineered enone reductase polypeptides. The disclosure also provides methods of using the engineered enone reductase polypeptides for chemical transformations.

The disclosure relates to engineered enone reductase polypeptides having improved properties, polynucleotides encoding the engineered polypeptides, related vectors, host cells, and methods for making the engineered enone reductase polypeptides. The disclosure also provides methods of using the engineered enone reductase polypeptides for chemical transformations.

A method for biosynthesis of polymer precursors, including, adipic acid, 1,6-hexanediol, 6-hydroxyhexanoic and 6-aminocaproic acids from carboxylic acids is provided. A method for biosynthesis of adipic acid from six-carbon dicarboxylic acids having , -enoate reductase activity by treatment with an enzyme is provided. The biocatalytic conversion of aliphatic and hydroxycarboxylic acids to corresponding aldehydes, alcohols, and amines using novel carboxylate reductases, aldehyde reductases, and aminotransferases is described. Also provided are genetically engineered microorganisms for use in the biosynthetic processes.