The invention is directed to methods involved in the production of flavonoids, anthocyanins and other organic compounds. The invention provides cells engineered for the production of flavonoids, anthocyanins and other organic compounds, where the engineered cells include one or more genetic modifications that increase flavonoid production by increasing metabolic flux to flavonoid precursors and/or reducing carbon losses resulting from the production of byproducts.

The invention is directed to methods involved in the production of flavonoids, anthocyanins and other organic compounds. The invention provides cells engineered for the production of flavonoids, anthocyanins and other organic compounds, where the engineered cells include one or more genetic modifications that increase flavonoid production by increasing metabolic flux to flavonoid precursors and/or reducing carbon losses resulting from the production of byproducts.

The invention is directed to methods involved in the production of flavonoids, anthocyanins and other organic compounds. The invention provides cells engineered for the production of flavonoids, anthocyanins and other organic compounds, where the engineered cells include one or more genetic modifications that increase flavonoid production by increasing metabolic flux to flavonoid precursors and/or reducing carbon losses resulting from the production of byproducts.

The invention is directed to methods involved in the production of flavonoids, anthocyanins and other organic compounds. The invention provides cells engineered for the production of flavonoids, anthocyanins and other organic compounds, where the engineered cells include one or more genetic modifications that increase flavonoid production by increasing metabolic flux to flavonoid precursors and/or reducing carbon losses resulting from the production of byproducts.

The present invention relates to a production method of (R)-reticuline including: a step for obtaining a recombinant host cell by inserting, into a host cell, a gene 1 which is composed of a nucleotide sequence having at least 70% homology to a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 and which is DNA encoding a protein having an enzymatic activity of CYP80Y2, and a gene 2 which is composed of a nucleotide sequence having at least 70% homology to a nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 and which is DNA encoding a protein having an enzymatic activity of oxidoreductase; a step for expressing, in the recombinant host cell, the protein having the enzymatic activity of CYP80Y2 and the protein having the enzymatic activity of oxidoreductase; and a step for producing (R)-reticuline from (S)-reticuline by using the recombinant host cell.

Provided is a method of modifying a first cannabinoid into a second cannabinoid or a non-cannabinoid. The method comprises combining the first cannabinoid with an enzyme that can modify the first cannabinoid into the second cannabinoid or non-cannabinoid under conditions where the first cannabinoid is modified into the second cannabinoid or non-cannabinoid. Also provided is a non-naturally occurring enzyme that can modify a first cannabinoid into a second cannabinoid or a non-cannabinoid. A nucleic acid encoding that enzyme is additionally provided. Further provided is a non-naturally occurring nucleic acid that encodes an enzyme having the enzymatic activity of the above non-naturally occurring enzyme. An expression cassette comprising that nucleic acid is additionally provided. A cell comprising the above expression cassette is further provided. Also provided is a plant expression cassette comprising the above-identified nucleic acid.

The present invention provides improved P450-BM3 variants with improved activity. In some embodiments, the P450-BM3 variants exhibit improved activity over a wide range of substrates.

Provided is a method of producing one or more sesquiterpene compounds comprising: contacting an acyclic FPP precursor with a polypeptide having terpene synthase activity, wherein the polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence that has at least 55% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1, to produce one or more terpenes selected from the group consisting of isovalencene, spirovetiva-1(10),7(11)-diene and valencene or derivatives thereof, or mixture of sesquiterpenes comprising one or more of isovalencene, spirovetiva-1(10),7(11)-diene and/or valencene; and optionally isolating the one or more terpenes or the mixture. Also described is a nucleic acid derived from Vetiveria zizanoides encoding a polypeptide having sesquiterpene synthase activity, a polypeptide that can be used to produce one or more sesquiterpenes or a mixture of sesquiterpenes comprising one or more of isovalencene, spirovetiva-1(10),7(11)-diene and/or valencene, and a non-human organism or cell comprising the nucleic acid or comprising an expression vector comprising the nucleic acid.

Provided herein are genetically modified host cells, compositions, and methods for improved production of steviol glycosides. In some embodiments, the host cell is genetically modified to comprise a heterologous nucleic acid expression cassette that expresses an ABC-transporter capable of transporting steviol glycosides to the extracellular space or to the luminal space of an intracellular organelle. In some embodiments, the host cell further comprises one or more heterologous nucleotide sequence encoding further enzymes of a pathway capable of producing one or more steviol glycosides in the host cell. The host cells, compositions, and methods described herein provide an efficient route for the heterologous production of steviol glycosides, including but not limited to, rebaudioside D and rebaudioside M.

An engineered microbial cell expressing a β-amyrin synthase, a cytochrome P450 reductase, a cytochrome P450 C28 oxidase, a cytochrome P450 C16 oxidase and a cytochrome C23 oxidase is used to make quillaic acid from β-amyrin.