The present invention relates to the use of a substrate for enhancing the chemiluminescence of one or more luminophores produced in a chemiluminescence reaction, wherein the substrate comprises a solid polymeric carrier with a plurality of depressions separated from one another and that the solid carrier is at least partially coated with a metal.

An apparatus includes a housing and an actuator. The housing, which defines a reagent volume that can receive a reagent container, can be removably coupled to a reaction chamber. A delivery portion of the housing defines a delivery path between the reagent volume and the reaction chamber when the housing is coupled to the reaction chamber. The delivery path includes a protrusion such that the delivery path has a discontinuous inner surface. The actuator can be moved to convey a reagent from the reagent container into the reaction chamber via the delivery path.

The invention relates to compositions and methods for the preparation, manufacture and therapeutic use of polynucleotides, primary transcripts and mmRNA molecules.

Calcium reacting photoproteins are a class of self-illuminating proteins that emit light upon contact with calcium. Fluorescent Proteins are small proteins that change the color of light when excited. Fluorescent Proteins and Calcium Activated Photoproteins can be used to enhance, dazzle, amaze, startle, and otherwise entertain an audience by their direct application on to the audience, surroundings, the actors, or sprayed on settings as in the newer 4D movies. The disclosure comprises novel Coelenterazine compounds and methods of use, including a simple delivery device for the photoprotein to create unique and novel cinematic, theatrical, stage, movie and musical concert optical effects by their luminous reaction upon contact with surfaces that contain calcium. Calcium is ubiquitous in and on most surfaces and in the environment; it is this unique property of calcium that makes this a novel use of the photoproteins for entertainment.

Disclosed herein are methods for determining the amount or activity of one or more luciferases and methods for measuring the luminescent signal generated by one or more luciferases in a sample, the methods comprising incubating the sample with a reactive substrate(s) of the luciferase(s) to be analysed and a reducing agent to inactivate a first luciferase, wherein the first luciferase, in its native form, is a secreted luciferase.

The present invention provides a method for providing modified mRNAs of reduced immunogenicity and/or immunostimulatory capacity for use in protein replacement therapy. The invention further provides modified mRNAs and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the modified mRNAs according to the invention for use in protein replacement therapy.

Novel compounds in the classes of Imidazo[1,2-α]pyrazines and Imidazo[1,2-α]quinoxalines with a methoxy group modification show unique spectral properties when used as a substrate for luciferases and photo-proteins. Methoxy e-Coelenterazine, an Imidazo[1,2-α] quinoxaline shifts the emission wavelength by 80 nm to blue light compared to e-Coelenterazine, using Renilla reniformis luciferase. The novel analogues described here are useful in combination with fluorescent proteins to create BRET (bioluminescent resonance energy transfer) and for other luminescent assays. In addition these novel compounds can be used to enhance, dazzle, amaze, startle, and otherwise entertain an audience by their direct application on to the audience, surroundings, the actors, or sprayed on settings as in the newer 4D movies.

Compounds are provided having the following structure: ##STR00001##
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, tautomer or stereoisomer thereof, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, G.sup.1, G.sup.2 and G.sup.3 are as defined herein. Use of the compounds as a component of lipid nanoparticle formulations for delivery of a therapeutic agent, compositions comprising the compounds and methods for their use and preparation are also provided.

In one embodiment, an object of the present invention is to provide a firefly luciferase having improved thermostability. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a luciferase mutant having improved thermostability that is a mutant of firefly luciferase comprising an amino acid sequence in which the amino acid residue at the position corresponding to position 393 of SEQ ID NO 1 is substituted, a polynucleotide encoding the luciferase mutant, and a production method of the luciferase mutant.

Antibody fusions comprising any antibody or fragment thereof, operably linked, and expressed as a fusion with a label of interest are provided. Plasmids, vectors, host cells, methods, and kits related to the described antibody fusions are also provided. The antibody fusions are useful at least in the diagnostic and reagent setting.