Provided are mucolytic compounds that are more effective, and/or absorbed less rapidly from mucosal surfaces, and/or are better tolerated as compared to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and DTT. The compounds are represented by compounds of Formula I which embrace structures (Ia)-(Ib): ##STR00001##
where the structural variables are as defined herein.

Present invention is aimed at identification of new fungal luciferin biosynthesis enzymes, nucleic acids able to encode these enzymes, and proteins able to catalyze certain stages of the fungal luciferin biosynthesis. The invention also provides for application of nucleic acids for producing said enzymes in a cell or organism. Methods for in vitro or in vivo preparation of chemical compounds identical to fungal luciferins and preluciferins are also provided. Vectors comprising nucleic acid described in the present invention are also provided. In addition, the present invention provides expression cassettes comprising the nucleic acid of the present invention and regulatory elements necessary for nucleic acid expression in a selected host cell. Besides, cells, stable cell lines, transgenic organisms (e.g. plants, animals, fungi, or microorganisms) including nucleic acids, vectors, or expression cassettes of the present invention are also provided. Present invention also provides combinations of nucleic acids to obtain autonomously luminous cells, cell lines, or transgenic organisms. In preferred embodiments, cells or transgenic organisms are capable to produce fungal luciferin from precursors. In some embodiments, cells or transgenic organisms are capable to produce fungal preluciferin from precursors. In some embodiments, cells or transgenic organisms are capable of bioluminescence in the presence of a fungal luciferin precursor. In some embodiments, cells or transgenic organisms are capable of autonomous bioluminescence. Combinations of proteins for producing luciferin or its precursors from more simple chemical compounds are also provided. A kit containing nucleic acids, vectors, or expression cassettes of the present invention for producing luminous cells, cell lines, or transgenic organisms is also provided.

The present invention relates to a mutated protein of FMO derived from Celeribacter sp. and a gene encoding the same, a vector comprising the gene, a recombinant cell transformed by the vector, a composition for producing indigo comprising them, and a method for increasing indigo production in the recombinant cell using the transformed recombinant cell.

The present disclosure relates to the biosynthesis of indigoid dye precursors and their conversion to indigoid dyes. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to methods of using polypeptides to produce indigoid dye precursors from indole feed compounds, and the use of the indigoid dye precursors to produce indigoid dyes.

The present disclosure relates to the biosynthesis of indigoid dye precursors and their conversion to indigoid dyes. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to methods of using polypeptides to produce indigoid dye precursors from indole feed compounds, and the use of the indigoid dye precursors to produce indigoid dyes.

A genetically modified prokaryotic cell which comprises: a cysteamine dioxygenase (ADO) polypeptide sequence which has at least 70% sequence coverage to SEQ 2, and at least 25% sequence identity to SEQ 2; and a vanin (VNN) polypeptide sequence selected from the group consisting of: a vanin-1 (VNN1) polypeptide sequence which has at least 70% sequence coverage to SEQ 4, and at least 25% sequence identity to SEQ 4; a vanin-2 (VNN2) polypeptide sequence which has at least 70% sequence coverage to SEQ 84, and at least 25% sequence identity to SEQ 84; and a vanin-3 (VNN3) polypeptide sequence which has at least 70% sequence coverage to SEQ 128 and at least 25% sequence identity to SEQ 128.

A genetically modified prokaryotic cell which comprises: a vanin (vnn) polynucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of: vanin-1 (vnn1), wherein said vnn1 polynucleotide sequence has at least 70% sequence coverage to SEQ 3 or SEQ 98, and at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ 3 or SEQ 98; vanin-2 (vnn2), wherein said vnn2 polynucleotide sequence has at least 70% sequence coverage to SEQ 100, and at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ 100; and vanin-3 (vnn3), wherein said vnn3 polynucleotide sequence has at least 70% sequence coverage to SEQ 141, and at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ 141; or a cysteamine dioxygenase (ado) polynucleotide sequence which has at least 70% sequence coverage to SEQ 1, and at least 70% sequence identity to SEQ 1; and a flavin-containing monooxygenase 1 (fmol) polynucleotide sequence which has at least 70% sequence coverage to SEQ 5 or SEQ 99, and at least 70% of sequence identity to SEQ 5 or SEQ 99.

TETX, a tetracycline degrading enzyme, is provided as a selection marker for eukaryotic cells. Polynucleotide molecules containing tetx and DNA constructs comprising a tetx under the control of a eukaryotic promoter are provided. Additionally, DNA constructs that contain a gene of interest and a tetx, each under the control of an appropriate promoter are provided. Further, methods of expressing tetx in a eukaryotic cell are provided, the method comprising introducing a vector comprising tetx into eukaryotic cells, culturing the eukaryotic cells in the presence of tetracycline, and identifying and isolating the cell that expresses tetx. Furthermore, a method is provided for expressing a gene of interest encoding a protein of interest in a eukaryotic cell by culturing a cell containing a vector comprising a gene of interest and a tetx, each under the control of an appropriate promoter.

The instant disclosure is in the field of biosciences, more particularly towards molecular and industrial biotechnology. The present disclosure relates to recombinant methanotrophic bacteria capable of synthesizing indigo from methane comprising a gene encoding enzyme for increasing concentration of indole and a gene encoding enzyme for converting the indole to indoxyl. The present disclosure also relates to a method of developing the recombinant methanotrophic bacteria, and a method of indigo biosynthesis by the recombinant methanotrophic bacteria in presence of a methane source.

A method of producing an organosulfur compound from a prokaryotic cell wherein said method comprises the steps of: a. providing a live prokaryotic cell capable of expressing at least one gene for the production of said organosulfur compound; b. exposing said live prokaryotic cell to a culture media with a pH of between 4 and 11 containing a carbon source and a sulfur source thereby creating an incubation mixture; c. incubating said live prokaryotic cell in said incubation mixture under aerobic or anaerobic conditions at a temperature ranging from 0 C. to 60 C. for a period of time sufficient for the expression of said at least one gene for the production of said organosulfur compound; d. recovering said organosulfur compound from the bacterial cells and/or spent media; and e. optionally, re-exposing said live prokaryotic cell to an unused media or spent media for the continuous production of said organosulfur compound of interest.