The disclosure relates to a metabolic transistor in microbes such as bacteria and yeast where a competitive pathway is introduced to compete with a product pathway for available carbon so as to control the carbon flux in the microbe.

Disclosed herein plant propagation materials, methods of manufacturing, formulations and uses thereof. The plant propagation materials disclosed herein may comprise a strigolactone obtained by a biosynthetic process. The plant propagation material may comprise a chemical mimic of a strigolactone. The strigolactone may be 5-deoxystrigol. Methods of manufacturing the plant propagation materials may comprise a chemical process. Alternatively, methods of manufacturing the plant propagation material may comprise a biosynthetic process. The methods may comprise use of one or more polynucleotides. The polynucleotides may encode a metabolite. The polynucleotides may comprise one or more genes encoding one or more components of a strigolactone pathway.

A method for increasing growth or biomass of a plant in a shorter period of time, compared to a control plant, includes transforming a plant cell using a recombination vector including a geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (GGPS) gene. A method for preparing a transgenic plant having higher growth or biomass in a shorter period of time, compared to a control plant, includes transforming a plant cell using the recombination vector having the GGPS gene. A composition for promoting higher growth or biomass of a plant, compared to a plant body, includes a GGPS gene. A plant or seed of the plant having higher growth or biomass, compared to the control plant, is prepared using the method.

Recombinant microorganisms, plants, and plant cells are disclosed that have been engineered to express novel recombinant genes encoding steviol biosynthetic enzymes and UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs). Such microorganisms, plants, or plant cells can produce steviol or steviol glycosides, e.g., rubusoside or Rebaudioside A, which can be used as natural sweeteners in food products and dietary supplements.

A plurality of isolated polynucleotide sequences encoding enzymes of the astaxanthin pathway is disclosed. The polynucleotides include: (i) a polynucleotide which encodes Phytoene dehydrogenase (crtI) and a first transcriptional regulatory sequence; (ii) a polynucleotide which encodes Beta-lycopene cyclase (lcy-B) and a second transcriptional regulatory sequence; (iii) a polynucleotide which encodes Beta-carotene ketolase (crtW) and a third transcriptional regulatory sequence; and wherein the first, second and third regulatory sequence are selected such that the expression of the Icy-B and the crtW is greater than a level of expression of the crtI. Methods of generating astaxanthin using the plurality of polynucleotide are also disclosed as well as bacterial cells comprising high levels of astaxanthin.

Recombinant microorganisms, plants, and plant cells are disclosed that have been engineered to express novel recombinant genes encoding steviol biosynthetic enzymes and UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs). Such microorganisms, plants, or plant cells can produce steviol or steviol glycosides, e.g., rubusoside or Rebaudioside A, which can be used as natural sweeteners in food products and dietary supplements.

Recombinant microorganisms and methods for producing saffron compounds including crocetin, crocetin dialdehyde, crocin or picrocrocin are disclosed herein.

Disclosed herein are metabolically engineered cells capable of producing carotenoids from acid whey.

Recombinant microorganisms, plants, and plant cells are disclosed that have been engineered to express novel recombinant genes encoding steviol biosynthetic enzymes and UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs). Such microorganisms, plants, or plant cells can produce steviol or steviol glycosides, e.g., rubusoside or Rebaudioside A, which can be used as natural sweeteners in food products and dietary supplements.

The present disclosure relates to a geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase variant; a polynucleotide encoding the variant; a vector including the polynucleotide; a microorganism including any one or more of the variant, the polynucleotide, and the vector; and methods of use thereof.