The invention provides genetically engineered microorganisms and methods for the biological production of ethylene glycol and precursors of ethylene glycol. In particular, the microorganism of the invention produces ethylene glycol or a precursor of ethylene glycol through one or more of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, oxaloacetate, citrate, malate, and glycine. The invention further provides compositions comprising ethylene glycol or polymers of ethylene glycol such as polyethylene terephthalate.

A microorganism is transformed to be capable of producing guanidinoacetic acid (GAA). A method can be used for the fermentative production of GAA using such a microorganism. A corresponding method can be used for the fermentative production of creatine.

A microorganism is transformed to be capable of producing guanidinoacetic acid (GAA). A method can be used for the fermentative production of GAA using such a microorganism. A corresponding method can be used for the fermentative production of creatine.

A microorganism is capable of producing guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) that has been improved by using a carbamate kinase. The microorganism with an improved capacity to provide L-arginine as starting material of the GAA biosynthesis by efficient recycling of ornithine improves the production process of GAA. A method for the fermentative production of GAA and a method for the fermentative production of creatine include the incorporation of the microorganism.

A microorganism is capable of producing guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) that has been improved by using a carbamate kinase. The microorganism with an improved capacity to provide L-arginine as starting material of the GAA biosynthesis by efficient recycling of ornithine improves the production process of GAA. A method for the fermentative production of GAA and a method for the fermentative production of creatine include the incorporation of the microorganism.

The present invention provides compositions and methods for combination therapy comprising administering to a patient in need thereof, drug-resistant immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and chemotherapy for the treatment of cancer.