The present application relates to methods to improve biomass or lipid production in a microorganism from one or more fatty acid and one or more simple carbon co-substrates. Produced lipids may include unsaturated C.sub.6-C.sub.24 fatty acids, alcohols, aldehydes, and acetates which may be useful as final products or precursors to insect pheromones, fragrances, flavors, and polymer intermediates. The application further relates to recombinant microorganisms modified for improved production of biomass or lipid, or improved lipid selectivity. Also provided are methods of producing one or more lipid using the recombinant microorganisms, as well as compositions comprising the recombinant microorganisms and/or optionally one or more of the product lipid.

The present application relates to methods to improve biomass or lipid production in a microorganism from one or more fatty acid and one or more simple carbon co-substrates. Produced lipids may include unsaturated C.sub.6-C.sub.24 fatty acids, alcohols, aldehydes, and acetates which may be useful as final products or precursors to insect pheromones, fragrances, flavors, and polymer intermediates. The application further relates to recombinant microorganisms modified for improved production of biomass or lipid, or improved lipid selectivity. Also provided are methods of producing one or more lipid using the recombinant microorganisms, as well as compositions comprising the recombinant microorganisms and/or optionally one or more of the product lipid.

The present application relates to recombinant microorganisms useful in the biosynthesis of monoethylene glycol (MEG), or optionally MEG and one or more co-product, from one or more hexose feedstock. The present application also relates to recombinant microorganisms useful in the biosynthesis of glycolic acid (GA), or optionally GA and one or more co-product, from one or more hexose feedstock. The present application relates to recombinant microorganisms useful in the biosynthesis of xylitol, or optionally xylitol and one or more co-product, from one or more hexose feedstock. Also provided are methods of producing MEG (or GA or xylitol), or optionally MEG (or GA or xylitol) and one or more co-product, from one or more hexose feedstock using the recombinant microorganisms, as well as compositions comprising the recombinant microorganisms and/or the products MEG (or GA or xylitol), or optionally MEG (or GA or xylitol) and one or more co-product.

The invention features compositions and methods for the increased production of mevalonate, isoprene, isoprenoid precursor molecules, and/or isoprenoids in microorganisms by engineering a microorganism for increased carbon flux towards mevalonate production in the following enzymatic pathways: (a) citrate synthase, (b) phosphotransacetylase, (c) acetate kinase, (d) lactate dehydrogenase, (e) malic enzyme, and (f) pyruvate dehydrogenase such that one of more of the enzyme activity is modulated. In addition, production of mevalonate, isoprene, isoprenoid precursor molecules, and/or isoprenoids can be further enhanced by the heterologous expression of the mvaE and mvaS genes (such as, but not limited to, mvaE and mvaS genes from the organisms Listeria grayi DSM 20601, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus gallinarum EG2, and Enterococcus casseliflavus).

The description relates to imide-based compounds, including bifunctional compounds comprising the same, which find utility as modulators of targeted ubiquitination, especially inhibitors of a variety of polypeptides and other proteins which are degraded and/or otherwise inhibited by bifunctional compounds according to the present invention. In particular, the description provides compounds, which contain on one end a ligand which binds to the cereblon E3 ubiquitin ligase and on the other end a moiety which binds a target protein such that the target protein is placed in proximity to the ubiquitin ligase to effect degradation (and inhibition) of that protein. Compounds can be synthesized that exhibit a broad range of pharmacological activities consistent with the degradation/inhibition of targeted polypeptides of nearly any type.

Provided is an engineered pathway that can function in a cell-free system, cellular system or a combination thereof to convert a sugar to a chemical or biofuel.

The present application relates to recombinant microorganisms useful in the biosynthesis of monoethylene glycol (MEG), or optionally MEG and one or more co-product, from one or more hexose feedstock. The present application also relates to recombinant microorganisms useful in the biosynthesis of glycolic acid (GA), or optionally GA and one or more co-product, from one or more hexose feedstock. The present application relates to recombinant microorganisms useful in the biosynthesis of xylitol, or optionally xylitol and one or more co-product, from one or more hexose feedstock. Also provided are methods of producing MEG (or GA or xylitol), or optionally MEG (or GA or xylitol) and one or more co-product, from one or more hexose feedstock using the recombinant microorganisms, as well as compositions comprising the recombinant microorganisms and/or the products MEG (or GA or xylitol), or optionally MEG (or GA or xylitol) and one or more co-product.