A ground opener for an agricultural implement. The ground opener comprising an opening disc, and a support assembly securing the opening disc to the agricultural implement. The support assembly comprises an upper bar, a lower bar, a forward bar, and a rearward bar. At least a portion of each of the bars is orientated at an offset angle with respect to a direction of travel of the agricultural implement.

A fully-automatic transplanting combined machine includes a traction apparatus, operation apparatus and a control system. The operation apparatus is mounted on the traction apparatus with a main body frame and is towed behind the traction apparatus. The operation apparatus includes a rotary tillage furrowing system, a system for slightly preparing soil and opening narrow furrows, a planting system, and a soil covering compacting system which are arranged successively from front to back. The planting system includes more than one planting unit. The fully-automatic transplanting combined machine is capable of orderly performing rotary tillage, cleaning stubble, leveling a border check, opening a furrow, cutting narrow slits, transplanting, covering soil, compacting soil in untilled soil at one process, so as to create the soil requirements for high-speed transplanting of blanket seedlings such as rape and other crops.

An agricultural implement has (i) an elongated open channel member; and (ii) a connecting assembly comprising a first vertical connector plate positioned against a first vertical side of the open member and a second vertical connector plate positioned against a second vertical side of the open member. When the open member twists about a longitudinal axis, its upper and lower flanges will move within upper and lower channels about upper and lower raised surface areas. A clamping assembly includes: a first clamping member extending horizontally between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate positioned over and proximate an upper surface of the upper flange; a second clamping member extending over and proximate a lower surface of the lower flange; and a third clamping member extending (i) over and proximate a lower surface of the lower flange or (ii) over and proximate an upper surface of the upper flange. A support frame has at least one forward central wheeled support unit connected to the support frame, having at least one first middle wheel operable to freely rotate 360 degrees about a first steering axis. At least one forward outward wheeled support unit is also connected to the support frame and generally transversely aligned with and transversely spaced from the central wheeled support unit, and comprises a restricted rotation caster wheel operable to rotate about a second steering axis only in an outward angular direction from a straightforward direction.

An agricultural implement has (i) an elongated open channel member; and (ii) a connecting assembly comprising a first vertical connector plate positioned against a first vertical side of the open member and a second vertical connector plate positioned against a second vertical side of the open member. When the open member twists about a longitudinal axis, its upper and lower flanges will move within upper and lower channels about upper and lower raised surface areas. A clamping assembly includes: a first clamping member extending horizontally between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate positioned over and proximate an upper surface of the upper flange; a second clamping member extending over and proximate a lower surface of the lower flange; and a third clamping member extending (i) over and proximate a lower surface of the lower flange or (ii) over and proximate an upper surface of the upper flange. A support frame has at least one forward central wheeled support unit connected to the support frame, having at least one first middle wheel operable to freely rotate 360 degrees about a first steering axis. At least one forward outward wheeled support unit is also connected to the support frame and generally transversely aligned with and transversely spaced from the central wheeled support unit, and comprises a restricted rotation caster wheel operable to rotate about a second steering axis only in an outward angular direction from a straightforward direction.

An agricultural implement system includes a down force cylinder configured to apply a downward force to a row unit, and a depth control cylinder configured to vary a penetration depth of a ground engaging tool of the row unit. The agricultural implement system also includes a valve assembly in fluid communication with the down force cylinder and the depth control cylinder. The valve assembly is configured to automatically adjust the downward force by varying fluid pressure within the down force cylinder based on fluid pressure within the depth control cylinder.

An agricultural implement system includes a down force cylinder configured to apply a downward force to a row unit, and a depth control cylinder configured to vary a penetration depth of a ground engaging tool of the row unit. The agricultural implement system also includes a valve assembly in fluid communication with the down force cylinder and the depth control cylinder. The valve assembly is configured to automatically adjust the downward force by varying fluid pressure within the down force cylinder based on fluid pressure within the depth control cylinder.

Described herein are implements and applicators for placement of fluid applications with respect to agricultural plants of agricultural fields. In one embodiment, a fluid applicator for applying fluids to plants in rows in a field includes a frame, a coulter connected to the frame and disposed to open a trench between the rows of plants, and at least one application member connected to the frame or to the coulter and disposed to apply fluid to a rhizosphere of the plants.

Described herein are implements and applicators for placement of fluid applications with respect to agricultural plants of agricultural fields. In one embodiment, a fluid applicator for applying fluids to plants in rows in a field includes a frame, a coulter connected to the frame and disposed to open a trench between the rows of plants, and at least one application member connected to the frame or to the coulter and disposed to apply fluid to a rhizosphere of the plants.

A soil apparatus is drawn through a furrow and reflectance from the furrow is obtained from the soil apparatus, and a height off target is measured between the soil apparatus and the furrow.

A soil apparatus is drawn through a furrow and reflectance from the furrow is obtained from the soil apparatus, and a height off target is measured between the soil apparatus and the furrow.