Provided herein are screening methods for identifying compounds for use as an arthropod repellent based on the masking or inhibition of the detection of the skin odor by a cpA neuron. Provided herein are also screening methods for identifying compounds for use as an arthropod attractant based on activation of the cpA neuron. Further provided are one or more compounds identified using the screening methods described herein, and compositions containing such compounds.

A synergistic microbicidal composition having two components. The first component is a nonionic surfactant with structure: R.sup.2O(CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)O).sub.3(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.5H, where R.sup.2 is a mixture of C.sub.8-C.sub.14 linear alkyl groups. The second component is 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol. The weight ratio of the nonionic surfactant to 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol is from 1:0.08 to 1:0.12 or 1:0.2 to 1:1.8286.

A synergistic microbicidal composition having two components. The first component is a nonionic surfactant with structure: R.sup.2O(CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)O).sub.3(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.5H, where R.sup.2 is a mixture of C.sub.8-C.sub.14 linear alkyl groups. The second component is 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol. The weight ratio of the nonionic surfactant to 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol is from 1:0.08 to 1:0.12 or 1:0.2 to 1:1.8286.

A synergistic microbicidal composition having two components. The first component is a nonionic surfactant with structure: R.sup.2O(CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)O).sub.3(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.5H, where R.sup.2 is a mixture of C.sub.8-C.sub.14 linear alkyl groups. The second component is 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol. The weight ratio of the nonionic surfactant to 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol is from 1:0.08 to 1:0.12 or 1:0.2 to 1:1.8286.

Biocides for bio-based binder compositions are disclosed. Bio-based binders include those having a nutrient source such as carbohydrate, protein or fat, which can serve as an energy source for organisms to grow in areas that contact binder. Principal areas that contact bio-based binder in a fiberglass insulation manufacturing process include the raw ingredients, the binder chemicals, the prepared binder dispersions, the forming hood and related equipment, the final insulation product and, importantly, the cleaning systems and washwater arising from cleaning the manufacturing equipment and/or forming the product. Frequently the washwater is stored until re-cycled for re-use. Storage may take place in tanks, towers, vats and even outdoor reservoirs, all of which may harbor the growth of unwanted organisms, for which a biocide is desirable.

Biocides for bio-based binder compositions are disclosed. Bio-based binders include those having a nutrient source such as carbohydrate, protein or fat, which can serve as an energy source for organisms to grow in areas that contact binder. Principal areas that contact bio-based binder in a fiberglass insulation manufacturing process include the raw ingredients, the binder chemicals, the prepared binder dispersions, the forming hood and related equipment, the final insulation product and, importantly, the cleaning systems and washwater arising from cleaning the manufacturing equipment and/or forming the product. Frequently the washwater is stored until re-cycled for re-use. Storage may take place in tanks, towers, vats and even outdoor reservoirs, all of which may harbor the growth of unwanted organisms, for which a biocide is desirable.

Methods of using of guanylin family peptides to induce food or odor preferences in mammals are provided, along with methods for inducing feeding responses in mammals, and methods of controlling pest populations of mammals, such as rodents.

Methods of using of guanylin family peptides to induce food or odor preferences in mammals are provided, along with methods for inducing feeding responses in mammals, and methods of controlling pest populations of mammals, such as rodents.

Rat attractant compositions attractive to the rat species Rattus norvegicus are disclosed, which compositions are constituted of compounds found in the headspace volatiles of male urine odor or female urine odor. Said compositions are respectively termed male pheromone blend (MPB) and comprises 2-heptanone, 4-heptanone, 3-ethyl-2-heptanone, 2-octanone, 2-nonanone, and 4-nonanone in a ratio of 10:100:10:1:1:10 respectively, or female pheromone blend (FPB) and comprises 2-methyl-butyric acid, 3-methyl-butyric acid, heptanal, hexanoic acid, 2-phenylacetaldehyde, nonanal, and decanal in a ratio of 20:20:10:30:5:20:10. Devices including the rat attractant compositions, and methods of using said rat attractant compositions, are also disclosed.

Rat attractant compositions attractive to the rat species Rattus norvegicus are disclosed, which compositions are constituted of compounds found in the headspace volatiles of male urine odor or female urine odor. Said compositions are respectively termed male pheromone blend (MPB) and comprises 2-heptanone, 4-heptanone, 3-ethyl-2-heptanone, 2-octanone, 2-nonanone, and 4-nonanone in a ratio of 10:100:10:1:1:10 respectively, or female pheromone blend (FPB) and comprises 2-methyl-butyric acid, 3-methyl-butyric acid, heptanal, hexanoic acid, 2-phenylacetaldehyde, nonanal, and decanal in a ratio of 20:20:10:30:5:20:10. Devices including the rat attractant compositions, and methods of using said rat attractant compositions, are also disclosed.