An electrode configured for use in electromyography procedures including a shaft having a first end and a second end, where the shaft consists of a conductive material; an electrically insulative first coating configured to encase the conductive material; a tapered tip at the first end of the shaft, where the tip is angled and is formed by removing the first coating from a first portion of the shaft and exposing a first length of conductive material; and a hub positioned at the second end of the shaft, wherein the hub is positioned after removing the first coating from a second portion of the shaft and exposing a second length of conductive material, wherein the hub is configured to electrically couple a lead wire to the second length of conductive material at the second end.

An electrode configured for use in electromyography procedures including a shaft having a first end and a second end, where the shaft consists of a conductive material; an electrically insulative first coating configured to encase the conductive material; a tapered tip at the first end of the shaft, where the tip is angled and is formed by removing the first coating from a first portion of the shaft and exposing a first length of conductive material; and a hub positioned at the second end of the shaft, wherein the hub is positioned after removing the first coating from a second portion of the shaft and exposing a second length of conductive material, wherein the hub is configured to electrically couple a lead wire to the second length of conductive material at the second end.

Flexible implant for electrically recording or stimulating a nerve structure, said flexible implant comprising: a first layer of electrically insulating diamond; an electrode of electrically conductive doped diamond, in contact with the first layer of electrically insulating diamond; an electrically conductive layer in contact with the electrode and the first layer, so as to define a conductive track for the electrode; and a second layer of electrically insulating diamond, at least in contact with the electrically conductive layer and a remaining portion of the first layer, all of the above arranged such that: electrically insulating diamond/electrically conductive doped diamond sealing is provided at the electrode (3) by resumption of epitaxial growth; and the electrically conductive layer is encapsulated by the electrode (3), the first layer and the second layer, at the electrode and over the entirety of the remaining surface thereof except over an area defining an electrical contact. The implant has two faces, namely: a front face comprising one of the two layers of electrically insulating diamond, open locally, providing access to the electrode and the area defining an electrical contact; and a rear face comprising the other of the two layers of electrically insulating diamond.

Flexible implant for electrically recording or stimulating a nerve structure, said flexible implant comprising: a first layer of electrically insulating diamond; an electrode of electrically conductive doped diamond, in contact with the first layer of electrically insulating diamond; an electrically conductive layer in contact with the electrode and the first layer, so as to define a conductive track for the electrode; and a second layer of electrically insulating diamond, at least in contact with the electrically conductive layer and a remaining portion of the first layer, all of the above arranged such that: electrically insulating diamond/electrically conductive doped diamond sealing is provided at the electrode (3) by resumption of epitaxial growth; and the electrically conductive layer is encapsulated by the electrode (3), the first layer and the second layer, at the electrode and over the entirety of the remaining surface thereof except over an area defining an electrical contact. The implant has two faces, namely: a front face comprising one of the two layers of electrically insulating diamond, open locally, providing access to the electrode and the area defining an electrical contact; and a rear face comprising the other of the two layers of electrically insulating diamond.

A photovoltaic unit that includes a biological interface for sensing an electrical signal from the biological tissue, the biological interface including a multilayered piezoelectric amplifier including a composite impulse generating layer including a matrix of a piezo polymeric material and dispersed phases including piezo nanocrystals and carbon nanotubes. The photovoltaic unit also includes a transducer structure comprising a fiber substrate having quantum dots present on a receiving end of the fiber. The receiving end of the fiber receiving the electrical signal. The quantum dots converts the electrical signal to a light signal.

A photovoltaic unit that includes a biological interface for sensing an electrical signal from the biological tissue, the biological interface including a multilayered piezoelectric amplifier including a composite impulse generating layer including a matrix of a piezo polymeric material and dispersed phases including piezo nanocrystals and carbon nanotubes. The photovoltaic unit also includes a transducer structure comprising a fiber substrate having quantum dots present on a receiving end of the fiber. The receiving end of the fiber receiving the electrical signal. The quantum dots converts the electrical signal to a light signal.

A stretch-deforming electrode includes a stretching portion. The stretching portion has a first stretching range and a second stretching range, in which the stretching portion has a first length variation and a first resistance variation in the first stretching range and a second length variation and a second resistance variation in the second stretching range. The first resistance variation remains substantially unchanged when the first length variation changes, the second resistance variation changes when the second length variation changes. The second resistance variation is represented by R2, the second length variation is represented by L2, and R2=A×L2, in which A is a positive number between 0.05 and 2.

A stretch-deforming electrode includes a stretching portion. The stretching portion has a first stretching range and a second stretching range, in which the stretching portion has a first length variation and a first resistance variation in the first stretching range and a second length variation and a second resistance variation in the second stretching range. The first resistance variation remains substantially unchanged when the first length variation changes, the second resistance variation changes when the second length variation changes. The second resistance variation is represented by R2, the second length variation is represented by L2, and R2=A×L2, in which A is a positive number between 0.05 and 2.

The present invention provides a bio-electrode composition including a silsesquioxane bonded to an N-carbonyl sulfonamide salt, wherein the N-carbonyl sulfonamide salt is shown by the following general formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 represents a linear, branched, or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms that may have an aromatic group, an ether group, or an ester group, or an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms; Rf represents a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms containing at least one fluorine atom; M.sup.+ is an ion selected from a lithium ion, a sodium ion, a potassium ion, and a silver ion. This can form a living body contact layer for a bio-electrode that is excellent in electric conductivity and biocompatibility, light-weight, manufacturable at low cost, and free from large lowering of the electric conductivity even though it is wetted with water or dried.

A biomedical electrode according to the present invention includes: a plate-shaped support portion; a pillar portion that protrudes from a first surface of the plate-shaped support portion and is formed of an insulating silicone rubber; and a conductive resin layer that is provided to cover a distal end portion of the pillar portion and is formed of a conductive silicone rubber, in which the insulating silicone rubber of the pillar portion is formed of a cured product of an insulating silicone rubber-based curable composition including a non-conductive filler and a vinyl group-containing organopolysiloxane, and the conductive silicone rubber of the conductive resin layer is formed of a cured product of a conductive silicone rubber-based curable composition including a conductive filler, a non-conductive filler and a vinyl group-containing organopolysiloxane.