The present disclosure provides an adjuvant composition containing 0.2%-15% w/v carbomer, 0.1%-0.5% w/v lecithin, and 0.03%-0.2% w/v ginsenoside. The adjuvant composition of the present disclosure cannot only ensure the long-term clarification and/or stability of the vaccine, but also can effectively stimulate the inactivated antigens and subunit antigens therein to produce high-titer antibodies for immune protection. The inactivated vaccines or subunit vaccines prepared by the adjuvant composition of the present disclosure can be used as a diluent for freeze-dried live virus antigens and has no toxic effect on the live virus antigens.

The present invention relates to: a recombinant vector comprising a nucleotide sequence of antigen protein(s) Lectin, CD2v, p72, p54, p30, p15, p35, E199L, and/or F317L of an African swine fever virus; a transformant transformed by means of the recombinant vector; and a vaccine composition for preventing African swine fever, comprising, as an active ingredient, African swine fever virus antigen protein(s) Lectin, CD2v, p72, p54, p30, p15, p35, E199L, and/or F317L, isolated from the transformant; and the like.

The role of a specific E2 region containing a putative fusion peptide (FP) sequence was evaluated. FPs critically contribute to the interaction between proteins and the membrane system of the host cell. Reverse genetics utilizing a full-length infectious clone of the highly virulent CSFV strain Brescia (BICv) was used to evaluate how amino acid substitutions within this region of E2 may affect replication of BICv in cell cultures and affect virus virulence in swine. Interestingly, mutated virus FPi.c was completely attenuated when inoculated intranasally at a dose of 10.sup.5 TCID50 in swine. Importantly, animals infected with FPi.c virus were protected against the virulent challenge with Brescia virus at 3 and 28 days after vaccination. Protection was evidenced by absence of clinical signs related with CSF as well as the absence of viremia produced by the challenge virulent virus.

The role of a specific E2 region containing a putative fusion peptide (FP) sequence was evaluated. FPs critically contribute to the interaction between proteins and the membrane system of the host cell. Reverse genetics utilizing a full-length infectious clone of the highly virulent CSFV strain Brescia (BICv) was used to evaluate how amino acid substitutions within this region of E2 may affect replication of BICv in cell cultures and affect virus virulence in swine. Interestingly, mutated virus FPi.c was completely attenuated when inoculated intranasally at a dose of 10.sup.5 TCID50 in swine. Importantly, animals infected with FPi.c virus were protected against the virulent challenge with Brescia virus at 3 and 28 days after vaccination. Protection was evidenced by absence of clinical signs related with CSF as well as the absence of viremia produced by the challenge virulent virus.

The role of a specific E2 region, .sup.869CKWGGNWTCV.sup.878, containing a putative fusion peptide (FP) sequence was evaluated. FPs critically contribute to the interaction between proteins and the membrane system of the host cell. Reverse genetics utilizing a full-length infectious clone of the highly virulent CSFV strain Brescia (BICv) was used to evaluate how amino acid substitutions within this region of E2 may affect replication of BICv in cell cultures and affect virus virulence in swine. A recombinant CSFV (FPi.c) containing mutations in three amino acid residues within the E2 protein area comprised CSFV amino acid residues 869-878 was constructed: W871T, W875D, and V878T. Interestingly, mutated virus FPi.c was completely attenuated when inoculated intranasally at a dose of 10.sup.5 TCID50 in swine. Importantly, animals infected with FPi.c virus were protected against the virulent challenge with Brescia virus at 3 and 28 days after vaccination. Protection was evidenced by absence of clinical signs related with CSF as well as the absence of viremia produced by the challenge virulent virus.

The role of a specific E2 region, .sup.869CKWGGNWTCV.sup.878, containing a putative fusion peptide (FP) sequence was evaluated. FPs critically contribute to the interaction between proteins and the membrane system of the host cell. Reverse genetics utilizing a full-length infectious clone of the highly virulent CSFV strain Brescia (BICv) was used to evaluate how amino acid substitutions within this region of E2 may affect replication of BICv in cell cultures and affect virus virulence in swine. A recombinant CSFV (FPi.c) containing mutations in three amino acid residues within the E2 protein area comprised CSFV amino acid residues 869-878 was constructed: W871T, W875D, and V878T. Interestingly, mutated virus FPi.c was completely attenuated when inoculated intranasally at a dose of 10.sup.5 TCID50 in swine. Importantly, animals infected with FPi.c virus were protected against the virulent challenge with Brescia virus at 3 and 28 days after vaccination. Protection was evidenced by absence of clinical signs related with CSF as well as the absence of viremia produced by the challenge virulent virus.

The invention is directed to a recombinant nucleic acid molecule comprising an expression cassette encoding a polyepitope comprising T-cell antigens from proteins of African Swine Fever Virus. The invention further relates to a viral particle, comprising said recombinant nucleic acid molecule, and to a viral particle comprising B-cell antigens of African Swine Fever Virus. The invention further relates to methods of stimulating an immune response in a pig comprising administering the recombinant molecule of the invention, and/or the viral particle of the invention, to the pig in an amount effective to induce an immune response.

The invention is directed to a recombinant nucleic acid molecule comprising an expression cassette encoding a polyepitope comprising T-cell antigens from proteins of African Swine Fever Virus. The invention further relates to a viral particle, comprising said recombinant nucleic acid molecule, and to a viral particle comprising B-cell antigens of African Swine Fever Virus. The invention further relates to methods of stimulating an immune response in a pig comprising administering the recombinant molecule of the invention, and/or the viral particle of the invention, to the pig in an amount effective to induce an immune response.