Systems, instruments, methods, and compositions are described involving removing a portion of the epidermis within a donor site on a subject, and harvesting dermal plugs within the donor site. An injectable filler is formed by mincing the dermal plugs. The injectable filler is configured for injecting into a recipient site on the subject.

A method and apparatus is provided for creating a modified tissue graft, wherein an anatomical site at which the modified tissue graft is to be placed is identified, desired characteristics for the modified tissue graft are identified based at least upon the anatomical site, one or more types of graft modifications and regions of the tissue graft to be modified are identified to achieve the desired characteristics; and at least a first area and a second area of the exterior surface of the tissue graft are modified by compressing, cutting and/or removing one or more portions thereof to create first designed surface features which cause the tissue graft to have first characteristics in the first area and second designed surface features which cause the tissue graft to have second characteristics in the second area.

The invention relates to a process for obtaining a skin substitute, comprising the following steps: a) mixing fibroblasts, endothelial cells and hydrogel of exclusively biological origin; b) incubating the mixture obtained in step a) for a sufficient time and under suitable conditions to obtain a pre-vascularized dermis; c) adding keratinocytes to the pre-vascularized dermis of step b) to obtain a skin substitute; wherein said fibroblasts, endothelial cells and keratinocytes were obtained from pluripotent stem cells.

The invention relates to a process for obtaining a skin substitute, comprising the following steps: a) mixing fibroblasts, endothelial cells and hydrogel of exclusively biological origin; b) incubating the mixture obtained in step a) for a sufficient time and under suitable conditions to obtain a pre-vascularized dermis; c) adding keratinocytes to the pre-vascularized dermis of step b) to obtain a skin substitute; wherein said fibroblasts, endothelial cells and keratinocytes were obtained from pluripotent stem cells.

Provided is an artificial epidermis structure. Three different contact states can be realized between the artificial epidermis structure and a target object. The “first contact state” is a state in which only the surface of a distal end portion of each protrusion contacts the target object. The “second contact state” is a state in which each protrusion tilts with respect to a base body corresponding to the force received from the target object and thereby the surface of a base portion and the surface of the distal end portion of each protrusion contact the target object. The “third contact state” is a state in which each protrusion further tilts with respect to the base body corresponding to an increase in the force and thereby the surface of the base body and respective surface of the distal end portion and the base portion of each protrusion contact the target object.

Provided is an artificial epidermis structure. Three different contact states can be realized between the artificial epidermis structure and a target object. The “first contact state” is a state in which only the surface of a distal end portion of each protrusion contacts the target object. The “second contact state” is a state in which each protrusion tilts with respect to a base body corresponding to the force received from the target object and thereby the surface of a base portion and the surface of the distal end portion of each protrusion contact the target object. The “third contact state” is a state in which each protrusion further tilts with respect to the base body corresponding to an increase in the force and thereby the surface of the base body and respective surface of the distal end portion and the base portion of each protrusion contact the target object.

The present invention provides porous biomimetic scaffolds and methods for making the same. The scaffolds have graded pore sizes for enhanced cell penetration. The scaffolds are useful for wound regeneration by facilitating cell penetration into the scaffold interior and due to their inherent immunomodulatory effects. The scaffolds have tissue modeling specification by mimicking the inherent stratified structure of certain tissues.

A tissue restoration composition in a colloidal phase, includes a copolymer in which a hydrophobic biocompatible polymer and a hydrophilic biocompatible polymer are polymerized and which is dispersed in water. The colloidal phase has increased viscosity by heating the copolymer dispersed in water. The colloidal phase has a viscosity, by the heating, of 20-200,000 cP.

A tissue restoration composition in a colloidal phase, includes a copolymer in which a hydrophobic biocompatible polymer and a hydrophilic biocompatible polymer are polymerized and which is dispersed in water. The colloidal phase has increased viscosity by heating the copolymer dispersed in water. The colloidal phase has a viscosity, by the heating, of 20-200,000 cP.

Disclosed are bioprinted, three-dimensional, biological skin tissues comprising: a dermal layer comprising dermal fibroblasts; and an epidermal layer comprising keratinocytes, the epidermal layer in contact with the dermal layer to form the three-dimensional, engineered, biological skin tissue. Also disclosed are arrays of engineered skin tissues and methods of making engineered skin tissues.