The disclosure provides systems and methods for adjusting a multi-leaf collimator (MLC). The MLC includes a plurality of cross-layer leaf pairs, each cross-layer leaf pair of the plurality of cross-layer leaf pairs includes a first leaf located in a first layer of leaves and a second leaf opposingly located in a second layer of leaves. For at least one cross-layer leaf pair, an effective cross-layer leaf gap to be formed between the first leaf and the second leaf may be determined; at least one of the first leaf or the second leaf may be caused to move to form the effective cross-layer leaf gap; and an in-layer leaf gap may be caused, based on the effective cross-layer leaf gap, to be formed between the first leaf and an opposing first leaf in the first layer. A size of the in-layer leaf gap may be no less than a threshold.

A remote diagnostic monitoring and control of physical components of a particle accelerator system has a particle emitting system located at a first physical site and includes one or more particle emitting system components to operate the particle emitting system, a particle delivery system located at the first physical site and including one or more particle delivery system components to operate the particle delivery system, a particle system gateway located at the first physical site and operatively coupled to the particle emitting system components and the particle delivery system components by a first network interface, and a diagnostic monitoring system located at a second physical site remote from the first physical site, operatively coupled to the particle system gateway by a second network interface, and operable to monitor one or more first operating states corresponding to one or more of the particle emitting system components and one or more second operating states corresponding to one or more of the particle delivery system components, and a diagnostic control system located at the second physical site, operatively coupled to the particle system gateway by a third network interface, and operable to modify one or more of the first operating states of the one or more particle emitting system components and the second operating states the one or more particle delivery system components.

Example methods and systems for radiotherapy treatment planning based on treatment delivery efficiency are described. One example method may comprise a computer system configuring dosimetric planning objective(s) and non-dosimetric planning objective(s) associated with efficiency of treatment delivery. A set of multiple treatment plan variants may be generated based on the dosimetric planning objective(s) and non-dosimetric planning objective(s). A first treatment plan associated with a first tradeoff and a second treatment plan associated with a second tradeoff may then be identified from the set of multiple treatment plan variants. The second treatment plan may be associated with improved efficiency of treatment delivery compared to the first treatment plan.

A neutron capture therapy system includes an accelerator for accelerating charged particles to generate a charged particle beam, a beam transmitting device, and a neutron beam generating device. The neutron beam generating device further includes a first, a second and a third neutron beam generating device. The beam transmitting device further includes a first transmitting device connected to the accelerator, a beam direction conversion device configured to switch a traveling direction of the charged particle beam, and a second, a third and a fourth transmitting device that respectively transmit the charged particle beam from the beam direction conversion device to the first, the second and the third neutron beam generating device, wherein two of the first, the third and the fourth transmitting device define a first plane, a first and a second transmitting device define a second plane, and the first plane is different from the second plane.

A device and a process for performing high temporal- and spatial-resolution MR imaging of the anatomy of a patient during intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) to directly measure and control the highly conformal ionizing radiation dose delivered to the patient for the treatment of diseases caused by proliferative tissue disorders. This invention combines the technologies of open MRI, multileaf-collimator or compensating filter-based IMRT delivery, and cobalt teletherapy into a single co-registered and gantry mounted system.

The present document relates to providing a radiation treatment plan for treatment of a neoplasm, including the steps of: obtaining an image including the neoplasm and obtaining first segmentation data for segmenting at least one target-volume to be targeted with radiation. Further identifying any organs-at-risk and segmenting these. The method further comprises identifying lymphocyte-rich-organs in the image, and obtaining third segmentation data for segmenting the lymphocyte- rich-organs. The planning system then obtains radiation dose regime data, including first, second and third dose regime data. The planning system then determines a radiation treatment plan which provides treatment process parameters for operating one or more radiation beams for radiation treatment of the neoplasm, The process parameters are determined to apply the radiation at a first radiation dose to the target volume which corresponds with the first dose regime data, apply the radiation at a minimized second radiation dose to the or each organs-at-risk, and apply the

The present application relates to a radiotherapy apparatus for delivering radiation to a subject. The apparatus comprises a source of radiation configured to rotate about an isocenter and emit radiation in a radiation plane containing said isocentre. The apparatus also comprises a subject support surface configured such that a portion of the subject support surface can be located substantially at the isocenter. The apparatus also comprises a subject support surface rotation mechanism configured to rotate the subject support surface about an axis of rotation that passes through the isocenter, wherein the subject support surface rotation mechanism is located outside the radiation plane.

The disclosure provides systems and methods for adjusting a multi-leaf collimator (MLC). The MLC includes a plurality of cross-layer leaf pairs, each cross-layer leaf pair of the plurality of cross-layer leaf pairs includes a first leaf located in a first layer of leaves and a second leaf opposingly located in a second layer of leaves. For at least one cross-layer leaf pair, an effective cross-layer leaf gap to be formed between the first leaf and the second leaf may be determined; at least one of the first leaf or the second leaf may be caused to move to form the effective cross-layer leaf gap; and an in-layer leaf gap may be caused, based on the effective cross-layer leaf gap, to be formed between the first leaf and an opposing first leaf in the first layer. A size of the in-layer leaf gap may be no less than a threshold.

Disclosed are methods for assessing radiosensitivity based on individual radiation immune sensitivity (iRIS) as a metic to predict radiation response based on its effect on the tumor-immune ecosystem (TIES).

Systems and methods for real-time target validation during radiation treatment therapy based on real-time target displacement and radiation dosimetry measurements.