A separation membrane module includes a separation membrane complex having a support and a separation membrane provided on the support, a housing container for housing the separation membrane complex, and a sealing member existing between a supporting surface provided inside the housing container and a supported surface of the separation membrane complex, being in close contact with the supporting surface and the supported surface. A first static friction coefficient between the sealing member and the supported surface and/or a second static friction coefficient between the sealing member and the supporting surface are/is not higher than 0.5. A value obtained by multiplying the first static friction coefficient and/or the second static friction coefficient by a compressive force [N] of the sealing member and dividing the product by a mass [kg] of the separation membrane complex is larger than 0.7.

Provided is a method for separating ammonia gas using zeolite membrane having excellent separation stability at a high temperature capable of separating ammonia gas from a mixed gas composed of multiple components including ammonia gas, hydrogen gas, and nitrogen gas to the permeation side with high selectivity and high permeability. Also provided is a method for separating ammonia by selectively permeating ammonia gas from a mixed gas containing at least ammonia gas, hydrogen gas, and nitrogen gas using a zeolite membrane, wherein the ammonia gas concentration in the mixed gas is 1.0% by volume or more.

The invention relates to a power distribution system (1), especially a Power-over-Ethernet system, comprising at least one dominant sensor, which may be located within a powered device (4) like a lighting device, and at least one non-dominant sensor, which may be located within another powered device (4), wherein the power distribution system is adapted such that in a system low power mode the at least one dominant sensor (6) consumes power provided by a power providing unit (3) and the at least one non-dominant sensor (6) does not consume the provided power and that the power distribution system (1) switches from the system low power mode to a system high power mode, if the at least one dominant sensor (6) has sensed an event. Since in the system low power mode the at least one non-dominant sensor does not consume power, the power consumption can be reduced.

A spiral wound membrane module is suitable for use with high temperature water that may also have a high pH, for example steam injection produced water. The module uses a membrane with a polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) backing material. The feed spacer of the module may be made from polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) or ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE). The permeate carrier may be made of a woven nylon (i.e. nylon 6, 6) fabric coated with high temperature epoxy. The core tube and anti-telescoping device may be made of polysulfone. In some examples, the module may be used at a temperature of up to 130° C. Optionally, the module may be used at a pH of 9.5 or more. In a filtration method, the module may be operated at a pressure in the range of 150 to 450 psi. The module may be operated at a generally constant pressure.

A cation-exchange membrane using a polyolefin-based substrate with reduced swelling of an ion-exchange resin and a low electrical resistance is provided. The cation-exchange membrane of the present invention includes a substrate made of polyolefin-based woven fabric, and a sulfonic acid group-containing cation-exchange resin. A portion of the cation-exchange membrane other than the substrate has 23 mass % or more to 35 mass % or less of polyvinyl chloride.

Mesoporous membranes have shown promising separation performance with a potential to lower the energy consumption, leading to a dramatic cost reduction. Recently, an extensive effort has been made on the design of membranes which brought a significant progress toward the synthesis of well-defined porous morphologies, most of which synthesized by surfactant-template methodology. Currently, the most well-designed state-of-the-art membranes using this technique are made from metals, polymers, carbon, silica, etc. In the present invention, we demonstrate mesoporous calcium-silicate particles having superior separation capacity and optimal permeability, thereby leading to reduced energy consumption for selective separation of gases/liquids and/or the combination thereof. We explore various methods to improve the calcium-silicate membranes properties by tuning pore density during the synthesis/aging process, while favoring the formation of uniformly distributed nanopores. Lowering particle density by controlling calcium to silicon ratio along with optimizing the surface area are essential in achieving our objective.

A ceramic filter is provided with a porous substrate 3 “made of ceramic and having partition walls 1 separating and forming a plurality of cells 2 extending from one end face 11 to the other end face 12”, a separation membrane 21 “made of ceramic and disposed on wall surfaces of the cells 2”, and glass seals 31 disposed on the one end face 11 and on the other end face 12 “so as not to cover openings of the cells 2”. Ceramic particles having a thermal expansion coefficient of 90 to 110% of that of glass contained in the glass seals 31 are dispersed in the glass seals 31. There is provided a ceramic filter usable for a long period of time in high temperature conditions.

A porous membrane material comprising a porous membrane substrate coated with a thin, uniform coating of a metal or metal alloy. The membrane material can have high electrical conductivity. The membrane material can exhibit a very high ratio of electrical conductivity to thermal conductivity. The porous membrane substrate may be removed to form the membrane.

A humidifier comprises at least one humidifier module, which has a membrane permeable to water vapor and respectively on both sides of the membrane, a flow field frame with at least two walls defining a flow channel. A thermal bridge with an increased thermal conductivity compared to the membrane protrudes through the membrane. A fuel cell device comprises such a humidifier and a motor vehicle includes a fuel cell device comprising such a humidifier.

Process for making a membrane M comprising the following steps: a) preparing a copolymer C, wherein said copolymer C comprises blocks of at least one polyarylene ether A and blocks of polyalkylene oxide PAO, wherein the content of polyethyleneoxide in copolymer C is 30 to 90% by weight and wherein copolymer C is prepared in a solvent L to yield solution S; b) providing a dope solution D comprising at least one polymer P; c) mixing solution S and dope solution D; d) preparing a membrane by bringing the mixture of solution S and dope solution D into contact with at least one coagulating agent.