A face mask and a removable insert, the insert being constructed primarily of cidal metal or cidal metal alloy wherein the cidal metal or cidal metal alloy is the major structural component of the insert. The insert is positioned on the face mask to cover at least a portion of the wearer's mouth and nose when the mask is worn on the wearer's face. The insert has a filtering portion comprising cidal metal mesh or cidal metal alloy mesh to provide cidal action, air purification, and self-disinfection.

A filter assembly is provided. The filter assembly includes a plurality of filter modules each filled with activated carbon and continuously connected; and a frame to which the plurality of filter modules are fixed, wherein the plurality of filter modules are disposed at predetermined angles relative to each other.

A mesh for insert molding is formed from a single mesh sheet. The mesh for insert molding includes a side wall part that has a band shape extending along the longitudinal direction and includes two joining margins at the longitudinal end parts thereof, a bottom part positioned in the width direction of the side wall part, and a connecting part for connecting the bottom part to the side wall part. The mesh for insert molding is configured so as to be arranged in a die in a state of being molded into a cylindrical shape.

A mesh for insert molding is formed from a single mesh sheet. The mesh for insert molding includes a side wall part that has a band shape extending along the longitudinal direction and includes two joining margins at the longitudinal end parts thereof, a bottom part positioned in the width direction of the side wall part, and a connecting part for connecting the bottom part to the side wall part. The mesh for insert molding is configured so as to be arranged in a die in a state of being molded into a cylindrical shape.

The invention relates to a device for degassing and gassing containers (3), comprising at least one chamber in which an open container can be accommodated for a degassing and/or gassing process, wherein a cover element (26) for the accommodated open container (3) is provided in the chamber, wherein, for a degassing and/or gassing process, the cover element (26) can be sealingly placed on a container edge (31) of an accommodated open container (3) or into an interior of an accommodated open container (3) and wherein the cover element (26) has at least one opening (260) for a passage of gas. The invention also relates to a method for degassing and gassing.

The invention relates to a device for degassing and gassing containers (3), comprising at least one chamber in which an open container can be accommodated for a degassing and/or gassing process, wherein a cover element (26) for the accommodated open container (3) is provided in the chamber, wherein, for a degassing and/or gassing process, the cover element (26) can be sealingly placed on a container edge (31) of an accommodated open container (3) or into an interior of an accommodated open container (3) and wherein the cover element (26) has at least one opening (260) for a passage of gas. The invention also relates to a method for degassing and gassing.

The disclosure relates to a method for enhancing methanogenesis in anaerobic digestion of municipal sludge by utilizing a filter screen structure, comprising: arranging a filter screen structure with titanium or titanium alloy as the framework and Fe.sub.3O.sub.4 as the coating in the anaerobic digestion system to accelerate the rate of hydrolysis and acidification, and increase the proportion of methane in biogas. Compared with the prior art, the disclosure increases the contact between Fe.sub.3O.sub.4 and anaerobic microorganisms by means of the screen structure; the stable crystal structure of Fe.sub.3O.sub.4 ensures the sustainability as an electron carrier while enriching electroactive microorganisms; titanium or titanium alloy, as a material with high strength, corrosion resistance, good biocompatibility, and good conductivity, can form a good match with Fe.sub.3O.sub.4 and assist in promoting the electron transfer; the disclosure has the advantages of low cost, high income, no need of repeated dosing and stable effect, and could strengthen the oxidation and decomposition of organic matter in the anaerobic digestion, accelerate the rate of methanogenesis, and increase the gas production.

The disclosure relates to a method for enhancing methanogenesis in anaerobic digestion of municipal sludge by utilizing a filter screen structure, comprising: arranging a filter screen structure with titanium or titanium alloy as the framework and Fe.sub.3O.sub.4 as the coating in the anaerobic digestion system to accelerate the rate of hydrolysis and acidification, and increase the proportion of methane in biogas. Compared with the prior art, the disclosure increases the contact between Fe.sub.3O.sub.4 and anaerobic microorganisms by means of the screen structure; the stable crystal structure of Fe.sub.3O.sub.4 ensures the sustainability as an electron carrier while enriching electroactive microorganisms; titanium or titanium alloy, as a material with high strength, corrosion resistance, good biocompatibility, and good conductivity, can form a good match with Fe.sub.3O.sub.4 and assist in promoting the electron transfer; the disclosure has the advantages of low cost, high income, no need of repeated dosing and stable effect, and could strengthen the oxidation and decomposition of organic matter in the anaerobic digestion, accelerate the rate of methanogenesis, and increase the gas production.

As an accessory to smoke or vaporizer devices or integrated into same, or to accompany smokers in general, a personal air filter comprising multiple filter mediums and technologies, and various combinations thereof, including mechanical, chemical and electrostatic principles, is disclosed. The different mediums and components are sequentially incorporated into a compact unit that can fit easily into a user's bag, purse or pocket. Importantly, harmful organic compounds are targeted as well as nanoparticles. An additional feature is that the filter device is easily disassembled to replace and/or reuse inner and outer components.

As an accessory to smoke or vaporizer devices or integrated into same, or to accompany smokers in general, a personal air filter comprising multiple filter mediums and technologies, and various combinations thereof, including mechanical, chemical and electrostatic principles, is disclosed. The different mediums and components are sequentially incorporated into a compact unit that can fit easily into a user's bag, purse or pocket. Importantly, harmful organic compounds are targeted as well as nanoparticles. An additional feature is that the filter device is easily disassembled to replace and/or reuse inner and outer components.