There is provided an absorbent for decreasing the leakage of halogen compound gases in subsequent processes, at high temperatures and in the presence of high concentrations of water vapor in the process of heating and gasifying a fuel, such as coal, to produce a synthesis gas.

The adsorbent includes a halogen compound absorbent containing 30 to 90% by mass of a basic calcium compound and 10 to 70% by mass of a metal compound other than basic calcium compounds and/or of a clay mineral. A method for producing synthesis gas using the absorbent is also disclosed.

A device for treating a gas laden with pollutants, includes at least one adsorption module for adsorbing the pollutants, which is utilized in an adsorption apparatus. The adsorption module includes at least one electrically conductive layer of an activated carbon fiber mat, an electric current circuit for heating the activated carbon fiber mat for the desorption of the adsorbed pollutants, and distributing conduit which is routed into the center of the adsorption module and has outlet openings for a flush gas for inertizing and rinsing the activated carbon fiber mat.

An electrical switching device is provided for interrupting an electrical connection. The device has a switching chamber and two contact pieces being arranged directly in the switching chamber or in an encapsulated housing arranged in the switching chamber and configured to be gas-tight in relation to the switching chamber. The contact pieces are movable relative to each other to bring about a switching action. A fluid insulation medium is also provided, which is arranged in the switching chamber or in a storage volume which can be connected to the switching chamber. The switching chamber or the storage volume has an outlet for letting out the fluid insulation medium. A filter is provided at or adjacent to the outlet, the filter configured to filter gaseous components of the insulation medium, or the reaction products thereof, conducted through the outlet.

A gas laser apparatus may include: a laser chamber connected through a first control valve to a first laser gas supply source that supplies a first laser gas containing a halogen gas and connected through a second control valve to a second laser gas supply source that supplies a second laser gas having a lower halogen gas concentration than the first laser gas; a purification column that removes at least a part of the halogen gas and a halogen compound from at least a part of a gas exhausted from the laser chamber; a booster pump, connected through a third control valve to the laser chamber, which raises a pressure of a gas having passed through the purification column to a gas pressure that is higher than an operating gas pressure of the laser chamber; and a controller that calculates, on a basis of a first amount of a gas supplied from the booster pump through the third control valve to the laser chamber, a second amount of the first laser gas that is to be supplied to the laser chamber and controls the first control valve on a basis of a result of the calculation of the second amount.

The invention provides a composite material formed from an inorganic mesoporous, or mesoporous-like, material that is dispersed throughout a polymeric matrix formed by a crosslinked polymer that has acidic- or basic-residues and which may also optionally have further acidic- or basic-residues grafted onto the inorganic mesoporous material. The resulting composite material may be used to remove acidic or basic impurities from a gas in need thereof and can be easily regenerated.

A regenerator vessel for adsorbing halogen-containing material from a regenerator vent gas stream has a plurality of catalyst nozzles disposed at a top portion of the regenerator vessel. A first gas outlet is associated with a chlorination zone, and a second gas outlet associated with a combustion zone. A drying zone is in fluid communication with an air heater and the drying zone located in a bottom portion of the regenerator vessel. The first gas outlet is configured to withdraw a first gas stream from the chlorination zone and the second gas outlet is configured to withdraw a second gas stream from the combustion zone. The top portion of the regenerator vessel has an adsorption zone having a vent gas inlet port, a vent gas outlet port, and a portion of an annular catalyst bed.

An injection lance assembly for creating a higher degree of turbulence and dispersion of a treating agent into a fluid stream.

Systems and Methods to produce a lime hydrate sorbent composition formed of highly reactive lime hydrate (HRH) by adding compounds to the slaking water in a method that would produce a non-HRH, which will typically be a lime hydrate having citric acid reactivity as discussed above of more than ten seconds, to make the non-HRH an HRH, which is having a citric acid reactivity of less than or equal to ten seconds.

Calcium hydroxide-containing compositions can be manufactured by slaking quicklime, and subsequently drying and milling the slaked product. The resulting calcium hydroxide-containing composition can have a size, steepness, pore volume, and/or other features that render the compositions suitable for treatment of exhaust gases and/or removal of contaminants. In some embodiments, the calcium hydroxide-containing compositions can include a D.sub.10 from about 0.5 microns to about 4 microns, a D.sub.90 less than about 30 microns, and a ratio of D.sub.90 to D.sub.10 less than 20, wherein individual particles include a surface area greater than or equal to about 25 m.sup.2/g.

Methods and systems for producing aromatics and light olefins from a mixed plastics stream are described. The method may include feeding a plastic feedstock to a dechlorination operation to melt the plastic feedstock to release HCl and generate a liquid plastic stream; feeding the liquid plastic stream to a pyrolysis reactor, the pyrolysis reactor to generate hydrocarbon vapors; feeding the hydrocarbon vapors to an acid gas removal reactor with a solid inorganic alkali salt disposed within the reaction vessel to remove residual HCl and sulfur-containing compounds from the hydrocarbon vapors to generate a plastic derived oil; and feeding the plastic derived oil to a steam enhanced catalytic cracking reactor to generate a product stream comprising light olefins having a carbon number of C.sub.2-C.sub.4 and aromatics. The associated system for processing mixed plastics into aromatics and light olefins is also described.