A gas separation method is provided. The method includes using a gas separation apparatus comprising a selective permeable membrane and a first and second treatment chambers separated by the selective permeable membrane. A mixed gas containing a gas to be separated is supplied into (or generated within) the first treatment chamber, and the gas to be separated is separated from the mixed gas by having the gas to be separated permeate from the first/second treatment chamber side of the selective permeable membrane, which has a stacked laminated structure of a hydrophilic porous membrane, a separation-functional layer, and a first protective membrane, and the separation-functional layer includes a layer of hydrophilic polymer containing water, and the first treatment chamber is provided on a hydrophilic porous membrane side of the selective permeable membrane and the second treatment chamber is provided on the first protective membrane side of the selective permeable membrane.

One aspect of the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a separator including: (a) obtaining a laminate by laminating a first porous support and a second porous support; (b) forming a functional layer by applying a composition including a binder and a solvent on both sides of the laminate and drying the composition; and (c) dividing the laminate into two separators along an interface formed by the lamination, and a separator manufactured using the method.

A porous membrane laminate of the present disclosure includes a porous support layer and a porous membrane laminated on one surface of the support layer and containing polytetrafluoroethylene as a main component. The porous membrane is formed of a uniaxially stretched material, the porous membrane has a mean pore size of 25 nm to 35 nm and a maximum pore size of 49 nm or less, and the porous membrane has an average thickness of 0.6 μm to 3.5 μm.

A membrane system includes a first membrane and a second membrane. At a given temperature and pressure: the first membrane has a permeation rate for a first gas and a selectivity for a gas mixture comprising the first gas a second gas different from the first gas; the second membrane has a permeation rate for the first gas and a selectivity for the gas mixture; the permeation rate of the first membrane is greater than the permeation rate of the second membrane; and the selectivity of the second membrane is greater than the selectivity of the first membrane.

The present disclosure relates to a salinity (NaCl) difference energy generating system and, more particularly, to a method of manufacturing a structural asymmetric ionic transport channel by inducing partial thermal expansion of a laminated film in which vermiculite is re-stacked and an energy generating system capable of producing power by abundant low-cost resources based on the method. The energy power generating device according to the present disclosure is capable of generating power with an easy capacity control and abundant low-cost resources, and the energy power generating device satisfying size characteristics, structural stability characteristics, and furthermore, filtering characteristics may stably produce electrical energy using a solution having a concentration similar to that of seawater and river water.

A composite pervaporation laminate incorporates a thin hydrophilic film laminated on a formable macroporous support layer. The method for making the membrane involves solution casting a thin film on a carrier substrate and transferring the said film onto a macroporous support by hot pressing, such as by decal transfer. Ultra-thin defect-free film, such as less than 5 micrometers, are laminated using this method to achieve very high-water transmission rates and very low or zero gas permeation. The membrane can then be formed into a three-dimensional structure by pleating or corrugating to increase the surface area. The membrane can be used as spacers in an ERV application.

The present invention provides enthalpy exchanger elements (E, E′) and enthalpy exchangers comprising such elements. Furthermore, the invention discloses a method for producing such enthalpy exchanger elements and enthalpy exchangers, comprising the steps of a) providing an air-permeable sheet element (1); b) laminating at least one side (1a, 1b) of the sheet element (1) with a thin polymer film (3, 4) with water vapor transmission characteristics; and c) forming the laminated sheet element (1) into a desired shape exhibiting a three-dimensional corrugation pattern (5, 5, . . .).

A supported carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membrane is made by contacting a film of a carbon forming polymer on a polymer textile to form a laminate. The laminate is then heated to a temperature for a time under an atmosphere sufficient to carbonize the film and polymer textile to form the supported CMS membrane. The supported CMS membrane formed is a laminate having a carbon separating layer graphitically bonded to a carbon textile, wherein the carbon separating layer is a continuous film. The supported CMS membranes are particularly useful for separating gases such as olefins from their corresponding paraffins.

A method for manufacturing an ion exchange membrane is provided. The method for manufacturing an ion exchange membrane, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises the step of electrospinning a support fiber producing solution and an ion exchange fiber producing solution respectively to prepare a laminate in which a support fiber mat consisting of a support fiber and an ion exchange fiber mat consisting of an ion exchange fiber are alternatively laminated. According to the present invention, it is possible to simply control factors, such as the thickness, electroconductivity and mechanical strength of the membrane, and the diameter/ratio of a pore, etc. to be suitable for the use of ion exchange membrane during the manufacturing process, to simplify the manufacturing process. As such, the ion exchange membrane manufactured by the method can be utilized as a universal ion exchange membrane which has a large ion exchange capacity, a small electrical resistance, and a small diffusion coefficient as well as excellent mechanical strength and durability.

In accordance with at least selected embodiments, a battery separator or separator membrane comprises one or more co-extruded multi-microlayer membranes optionally laminated or adhered to another polymer membrane. The separators described herein may provide improved strength, for example, improved puncture strength, particularly at a certain thickness, and may exhibit improved shutdown and/or a reduced propensity to split.