The invention provides a method of operating a batch mixer for producing first and second numbers of mixtures from first and second numbers of batches of materials to be mixed in the batch mixer, the batch mixer comprising a mixing chamber, a mixing element disposed within the mixing chamber, the mixing element and the mixing chamber being configured for providing an identical flow of the materials to be mixed within the mixing chamber and around the mixing element regardless of in which of the first and second opposite directions the mixing element is rotated, and a motor assembly coupled to the mixing element for rotating the mixing element for mixing the first and second numbers of batches of materials to be mixed for producing the first and second numbers of mixtures. The method comprises the steps of energizing said motor assembly for rotating said mixing element in said first direction, for each one of the first number of batches of the materials to be mixed: loading the one of the first number of batches of materials to be mixed into the mixing chamber, mixing the one of the first number of batches of materials for producing one of the first number of mixtures, and removing the one of the first number of mixtures from the mixing chamber, energizing the motor assembly for rotating the mixing element in the second direction, and for each one of the second number of batches of the materials to be mixed loading the one of the second number of batches of materials to be mixed into the mixing chamber, mixing the one of the second number of batches of materials for producing one of the second number of mixtures, and removing the one of the second number of mixtures from the mixing chamber.

The inventions cover systems and methods for generation of emulsions having suitable clarity without requiring refractive index matching between emulsion components. Systems can include: a substrate including a set of openings; a reservoir facing the substrate at a first side and containing a sample fluid configured for droplet formation upon interacting with the set of openings of the substrate; and a collecting container facing the substrate at a second side and containing a set of fluid layers configured with a density gradient and suitable immiscibility characteristics. One or more components of the system(s) can support methods for emulsion generation, in relation to enabling interactions between multiple continuous phases and a dispersed droplet phase to generate clear emulsions. Applications of the inventions(s) can include performance of droplet-based digital PCR in an improved manner (e.g., without requiring implementation of correction factors based upon Poisson statistics).

A sewage system component spray assembly is attached at a predetermined height above pumps in the interior of the component and has at least one nozzle for spraying liquid downwardly and generally tangential to a center of the sewage system component. Operation of the nozzle causes the liquid to disperse floating material on the sewage surface and creating a rotational flow around the center to direct such material to the pumps.

A sparger includes a main pipe connecting inside and outside of a water tank having a storage space therein for storing cooling water, so as to define a flow path through which steam and air containing radioactive materials generated outside the water tank are discharged into the cooling water, a header part connected to one end portion of the main pipe located in the storage space, and having a storage chamber in which the steam and air transferred through the main pipe are collected, and a plurality of discharge nozzles disposed in a spacing manner, each having inlet and outlet formed on one end located in the storage chamber and another end located in the storage space, respectively, to discharge the steam and air from the storage chamber to the storage space, and at least some of the plurality of discharge nozzles protruding from the header part by different lengths.

The present application is directed towards systems and methods for adding components to materials being fluidized in a vibratory mixer by use of atomizers or sprayers. A mechanical system can fluidizes, mix, coat, dry, combine, or segregate materials. The system may comprise a vibratory mixer, mixing vessel containing a first material and a sprayer to introduce a second material. The vibratory mixer may generate a fluidized bed of a first material and the sprayer, coupled to the mixing vessel, may introduce a second material onto the fluidized bed to mix the materials in a uniform and even fashion.

A tubular structure for producing droplets and a method of using the tubular structure to produce droplets are provided. The tubular structure includes microchannel structures, and is used for droplet generation, droplet collection, nucleic acid amplification and/or in situ droplet detection, etc.

The inventions cover systems and methods for generation of emulsions having suitable clarity without requiring refractive index matching between emulsion components. Systems can include: a substrate including a set of openings; a reservoir facing the substrate at a first side and containing a sample fluid configured for droplet formation upon interacting with the set of openings of the substrate; and a collecting container facing the substrate at a second side and containing a set of fluid layers configured with a density gradient and suitable immiscibility characteristics. One or more components of the system(s) can support methods for emulsion generation, in relation to enabling interactions between multiple continuous phases and a dispersed droplet phase to generate clear emulsions. Applications of the inventions(s) can include performance of droplet-based digital PCR in an improved manner (e.g., without requiring implementation of correction factors based upon Poisson statistics).

The present invention relates to an apparatus for mixing an additive with a gas flow, in particular for an exhaust gas system of a vehicle having an internal combustion engine, that comprises a mixing chamber which can be flowed through by at least a portion of the gas flow, said mixing chamber having at least one inlet opening through which a main inlet flow of the gas flow flows into the mixing chamber on operation of the apparatus, having at least one metering opening and having at least one outlet opening. The apparatus further comprises a metering device by means of which an additive flow of the additive can be introduced into the mixing chamber through the metering opening, wherein the inlet opening and the metering opening are arranged and formed such that the main inlet flow and the additive flow in substantially opposite directions into the mixing chamber so that the main inlet flow and the additive flow impact one another.

The inventions cover systems and methods for generation of emulsions having suitable clarity without requiring refractive index matching between emulsion components. Systems can include: a substrate including a set of openings; a reservoir facing the substrate at a first side and containing a sample fluid configured for droplet formation upon interacting with the set of openings of the substrate; and a collecting container facing the substrate at a second side and containing a set of fluid layers configured with a density gradient and suitable immiscibility characteristics. One or more components of the system(s) can support methods for emulsion generation, in relation to enabling interactions between multiple continuous phases and a dispersed droplet phase to generate clear emulsions. Applications of the inventions(s) can include performance of droplet-based digital PCR in an improved manner (e.g., without requiring implementation of correction factors based upon Poisson statistics).

The present application is directed towards systems and methods for adding components to materials being fluidized in a vibratory mixer by use of atomizers or sprayers. A mechanical system can fluidizes, mix, coat, dry, combine, or segregate materials. The system may comprise a vibratory mixer, mixing vessel containing a first material and a sprayer to introduce a second material. The vibratory mixer may generate a fluidized bed of a first material and the sprayer, coupled to the mixing vessel, may introduce a second material onto the fluidized bed to mix the materials in a uniform and even fashion.