The present invention relates to Ziegler-Natta catalyst components for olefin polymerization employing specific carbonate compounds as an element of solid catalyst composition in conjunction with at least one or more internal donor compounds, for producing polyolefins, particularly polypropylene and ethylene-propylene block co-polymer, which exhibits substantially high rubber content with higher stereo-regularity and hydrogen response.

A photothermal catalytic method for production of hydrogen peroxide without a sacrificial reagent on the basis of a porphyrin-based supermolecule is provided. The method includes the following steps: uniformly mixing a porphyrin-based supermolecule photocatalyst with a concentration of 0.3-1.5 g/L with ultrapure water, conducting irradiation with a visible light for a period of time under stirring at a temperature of 40-80° C. and an O.sub.2 flow rate of 50-150 mL/min, and then filtering and concentrating a reaction liquid to obtain an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution with a high concentration. According to the new photothermal catalytic method for preparing the hydrogen peroxide provided in the present disclosure, no organic solvent (such as ethanol, isopropanol and benzyl alcohol) is used as a sacrificial reagent, and the method is environmentally friendly and free of pollution. O.sub.2 is used as an oxygen source, sunlight is used as an energy source, and the method is low in energy consumption and high in safety (compared with an industrial anthraquinone method for synthesizing hydrogen peroxide). The method is simple in operation, mild in reaction conditions and high in production of the hydrogen peroxide.

A transformational energy efficient technology using ionic liquid (IL) to couple with monoethanolamine (MEA) for catalytic CO.sub.2 capture is disclosed. [EMmim.sup.+][NTF.sub.2.sup.−] based catalysts are rationally synthesized and used for CO.sub.2 capture with MEA. A catalytic CO.sub.2 capture mechanism is disclosed according to experimental and computational studies on the [EMmim.sup.+][NTF.sub.2.sup.−] for the reversible CO.sub.2 sorption and desorption.

A process of preparing a solid catalyst component for the production of polypropylene includes a) dissolving a halide-containing magnesium compound in a mixture, the mixture including an epoxy compound, an organic phosphorus compound, and a hydrocarbon solvent to form a homogenous solution; b) treating the homogenous solution with an organosilicon compound during or after the dissolving step; c) treating the homogenous solution with a first titanium compound in the presence of a first non-phthalate electron donor, and an organosilicon compound, to form a solid precipitate; and d) treating the solid precipitate with a second titanium compound in the presence of a second non-phthalate electron donor to form the solid catalyst component, where the process is free of carboxylic acids and anhydrides.

The present disclosure relates to a process for producing linear alpha olefins in high yield carried out by oligomerization of ethylene in the presence of a novel catalyst composition. The catalyst composition includes Zirconium compound, an organoaluminum compound, and at least one Lewis base selected from cyclic and acyclic ethers (i.e., di-n-butyl ether and diethyl ether). The process for oligomerization of ethylene is carried out in an inert organic solvent in the presence of said catalyst composition. The process as disclosed herein provides significantly high activity of the said catalyst composition resulting in high yield of the alpha olefins (>95 wt. %) as the product and significantly minimum polymer as by-product. The process provides higher yield of C6-C10 fraction with >60 wt. %.

Catalyst systems suitable for tetramerizing ethylene to form 1-octene may include a catalyst having a structure according to Formula (VI) or Formula (VII). In Formulas (VI) and (VII), X is a halogen, a (C.sub.2-C.sub.30) carboxylate, acetylacetonate, or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.30) hydrocarbyl; L.sub.1 is a neutral coordinating ligand; n is an integer from 0 to 6; Y is a (C.sub.6-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted aryl, a (C.sub.6-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted aryloxy, or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted alkoxy; and L∩L is a bidentate chelating ligand. The catalyst system may also include an aluminum containing agent which includes a reaction product of an organoaluminum compound and an antifouling compound. The antifouling compound may include one or more organic acids, organic acid salts, esters, anhydrides, or combinations of these.

A dry formulation obtained by desiccation of an emulsion comprises at least one surfactant, at least one lipophilic compound, and at least one metal catalyst. The dry formulation may be used to carry out a catalysed reaction in an aqueous medium. The dry formulation has a water content of less than (10) wt% relative to the total weight of the dry formulation, and wherein: - the at least one surfactant is selected from the group comprising dendrimers of Dendri-TAC type, oligomers of F,TACn or H,TACn type, TPGS 1000, TPGS 750 M, surfactants derived from sugars and/or amino acids, and combinations thereof; - the at least one lipophilic compound is selected from the group comprising lipids, hydrophobic complexing agents and combinations thereof; and - the metal catalyst comprises a metal selected from Groups (3) to (12) of the Periodic Table.

In one embodiment, the present application discloses a catalyst composition comprising: a) a reaction solvent or a reaction medium; b) organometallic nanoparticles comprising: i) a nanoparticle (NP) catalyst, prepared by a reduction of an iron salt in an organic solvent, wherein the catalyst comprises at least one other metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt, Au, Ni, Co, Cu, Mn, Rh, Ir, Ru and Os or mixtures thereof; c) a ligand; and d) a surfactant; wherein the metal or mixtures thereof is present in less than or equal to 50,000 ppm relative to the iron salt.

A method comprising a) contacting a solvent, a carboxylic acid, and a peroxide-containing compound to form an acidic mixture wherein a weight ratio of solvent to carboxylic acid in the acidic mixture is from about 1:1 to about 100:1; b) contacting a titanium-containing compound and the acidic mixture to form a solubilized titanium mixture wherein an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to carboxylic acid in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:4 and an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to peroxide-containing compound in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:20; and c) contacting a chromium-silica support comprising from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % water and the solubilized titanium mixture to form an addition product and drying the addition product by heating to a temperature in a range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. and maintaining the temperature in the range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. for a time period of from about 30 minutes to about 6 hours to form a pre-catalyst.

The invention relates to a hydrocarbon hydroprocessing catalyst comprising a support based on at least one refractory oxide, at least one metal from group VIII and at least one metal from group VIB. The inventive catalyst is characterized in that it also comprises at least one organic compound having formula (I) or (II): ##STR00001##
in which each R.sub.1 represents independently an alkyl group at C.sub.1-18, an alkenyl group at C.sub.2-18, an aryl group at C.sub.6-18, a cycloalkyl group at C.sub.3-8, an alkylaryl or arylalkyl group at C.sub.7-20, or the two R.sub.1 groups together form a divalent group at C.sub.2-18, and R.sub.2 represents an alkylene group at C.sub.1-18, an arylene group at C.sub.6-18, a cycloalkylene group at C.sub.3-7, or a combination of same. The invention also relates to a method of preparing one such catalyst and to the use thereof for hydroprocessing or hydrocracking.