Provided is a new means for enhancing the orientation of a luster pigment in the formation of a multilayer coating film including a coating film containing a scaly luster pigment.

A method for forming a multilayer coating film, comprising: an intermediate coating step of applying an aqueous intermediate coating composition (A) to a surface of an article to be coated to form an uncured aqueous intermediate coating film, a first aqueous base coating step of applying a first aqueous base coating composition (B) onto the uncured aqueous intermediate coating film to form an uncured first aqueous base coating film, a second aqueous base coating step of applying a second aqueous base coating composition (C) containing a scaly luster pigment onto the uncured first aqueous base coating film to form an uncured second aqueous base coating film, a clear coating step of applying a clear coating composition (D) onto the uncured second aqueous base coating film to form an uncured clear coating film, and a curing step of heat curing at once the resulting uncured aqueous intermediate coating film, uncured first aqueous base coating film, uncured second aqueous base coating film, and uncured clear coating film to form a multilayer coating film, wherein the solid concentrations (% by mass) of the uncured first aqueous base coating film and the second aqueous base coating film satisfy specific conditions.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an effect pigment dispersion that exhibits excellent water resistance, that can form metallic or pearly luster, and that further exhibits high stability; and to provide a method for forming a multilayer coating film. The present invention provides an effect pigment dispersion that contains water, a wetting agent (A), a flake-effect pigment (B), and a phosphate-group-containing cellulose-based rheology control agent (C). The effect pigment dispersion has a solids content of 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of all of the components of the effect pigment dispersion; and has a viscosity of 100 to 10000 mPa.Math.sec as measured with a Brookfield viscometer at a rotational speed of 6 revolutions per minute.

Provided is a method for forming a multilayer coating film, which is capable of forming a multilayer coating film that exhibits excellent curability at low temperatures, while having excellent hardness and excellent finish appearance. A method for forming a multilayer coating film, which sequentially performs: (1) a step for forming an uncured first color coating film by applying a two-package type aqueous first color coating material (X) onto an object to be coated; (2) a step for forming an uncured second color coating film by applying a one-package type aqueous second color coating material (Y) onto the uncured first color coating film obtained in the step (1); (3) a step for forming an uncured clear coating film by applying a two-package type clear coating material (Z) onto the uncured second color coating film obtained in the step (2); and (4) a step for curing the uncured first color coating film, the uncured second color coating film and the uncured clear coating film, which are formed in the steps (1)-(3), at the same time by heating these coating films. This method for forming a multilayer coating film is configured such that the one-package type aqueous second color coating material (Y) contains a specific hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (Y1), a specific hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin (Y2), and a blocked polyisocyanate compound and/or a melamine resin (Y3).

A magnesium alloy layered composite for an electronic device can include a magnesium alloy substrate, a passivation layer positioned on the magnesium alloy substrate, and a sol-gel layer positioned on the passivation layer. The passivation layer can include a molybdate, a vanadate, a phosphate, a chromate, a stannate, or a manganese salt. The sol-gel layer can include a silicate, a silane, a siloxane, or a metal C1-C5 alkoxide.

Provided is a method for forming a multilayer coating film including the following steps (1) to (4): (1) applying a base paint (X) to a substrate to form a base coating film; (2) applying a specific effect pigment dispersion (Y) to the base coating film formed in step (1) to form an effect coating film with a specific dry film thickness; (3) applying a clear paint (Z) to the effect coating film formed in step (2) to form a clear coating film; and (4) heating the uncured base coating film, the uncured effect coating film, and the uncured clear coating film formed in steps (1) to (3) to simultaneously cure these three coating films.

Improved aluminum can end stock (CES) is disclosed. The CES includes an adhered polymer coating exhibiting low feathering and high performance in various acid tests. The low feathering and resistance to acid tests is accomplished by incorporating a copolymer adhesion promoter film to an aluminum alloy before lamination. In some cases, the metal strip is pretreated with a conversion layer, which can include compounds of trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) and phosphates or titanium and zirconium.

Disclosed is a composite pellet used as a raw material in a kiln process for the production of phosphoric acid, which is of a core-shell structure with an inner ball encapsulated with a shell, the inner ball mainly consists of a inner ball material and a binding agent, and the shell mainly consists of a cladding material and a binding agent; the inner ball material mainly consists of a carbonaceous reductant powder, and phosphate ore powder and silica powder, the inner ball is combined with the shell through the binding agent to form the core-shell shaped structure. The preparation of the composite pellets comprises the steps of preparing the inner ball, preparing the cladding material, forming, drying and solidifying composite green pellets etc. The composite pellets prepared by the present invention have a smaller range of formulation fluctuation, more stable quality, higher strength and better performance.

This coated metal sheet for exterior covering has a metal sheet and a top coating layer disposed on the metal sheet, the top coating layer is configured from a fluororesin and contains a gloss control agent comprising 0.01-15 vol % of microporous particles and a matte agent comprising primary particles, and the coated metal sheet satisfies the belowmentioned formulae. In the number-based particle size distribution of the gloss control agent and the matte agent, R is the number average particle size (m) of the gloss control agent, D1.sub.97.5 and D2.sub.97.5 represent the 97.5% particle size (m) of the gloss control agent and the matte agent, Ru is the upper limit particle size (m) of the gloss control agent, and T is the top coating layer thickness (m).
D1.sub.97.5/T0.9
Ru1.2T
R1.0
0.5D2.sub.97.5/T7.0
3T40.

A process for producing a coated electrical steel strip includes application of a pretreatment layer over a first flat side of a rolled electrical steel strip. The layer thickness of the pretreatment layer is in the range from 10 nm to 100 nm, in particular from 20 nm to 50 nm. The rolled electrical steel strip which has been coated with the pretreatment layer is then coated with an insulating lacquer layer over the pretreatment layer. The insulating lacquer layer is applied by roll application using a roll and no deliberate drying and/or crosslinking of the pretreatment layer is carried out after application of the pretreatment layer and before coating with the insulating lacquer layer.

An object is to provide an aqueous coating material composition having high viscosity expression property as well as a viscosity property of decreasing viscosity with increase in shear velocity; in particular, to provide an aqueous coating material composition that can form a multilayer coating film having excellent smoothness, clarity, flip-flop property, adhesion, and water resistance; in addition, to provide a method for forming a multilayer coating film using such aqueous coating material composition, as well as a coated article that has been coated with such aqueous coating material composition. As a solution, an aqueous coating material composition is provided that contains a polyester resin (A), acrylic resin particles (B), a curing agent (C), and a coloring pigment (D), wherein the polyester resin (A) is a resin containing a trifunctional or higher polyfunctional polycarboxylic acid (a1) and a polyol (a2) as monomer components.