A flexible conversion method of a reversible rolling mill having at least one rolling stand erected on first civil works foundations and a first production capacity, into an upgraded rolling mill having more than one rolling stand and a second production capacity, the second production capacity being higher than the first production capacity, the reversible rolling mill including: an uncoiling device or pay-off reel and a first recoiling device or entry tension reel on a first side or entry side of the stand; a second recoiling device or delivery tension reel on a second side or delivery side of the stand; standard auxiliary and operation equipment necessary for normal operation and control of the reversible rolling mill, the standard auxiliary and operation equipment necessary for normal operation and control of the reversible rolling mill including mainly or at least a roll coolant tank, pumps, filters, heat exchangers and piping.

A substrate (e.g., metal or non-metal sheet) can have multiple textures on a surface of the substrate. The various textures can be impressed or applied on the surface of the substrate by passing the substrate between multiple pairs of work rolls that each include at least one textured work roll for transferring a texture of the work roll onto the surface of the substrate. The pairs of work rolls apply the various textures on the surface of the substrate while maintaining a thickness of the substrate (e.g., with substantially no reduction in a thickness of the substrate). A single pass of the substrate between the pairs of work rolls can allow various different textures, patterns, or features to be applied to the surface of the substrate while the thickness of the substrate remains substantially constant.

A method manufacturing a steel strip, including the subsequent steps of hot rolling the strip into a hot rolled strip, cold rolling the hot rolled strip and hot dip coating the cold rolled strip with a Zn based coating by leading the strip through a bath including molten zinc and wiping the strip after the coating using a gas knife having a knife slot from which a wiping gas is projected and the steel strip is cold rolled to a final cold rolled thickness of between 0.40 mm and 1.00 mm in a multi-stand cold rolling mill, and the coated steel sheet includes a steel substrate provided with a hot dip metal coating.

Coatings that can be used on limited line of sight substrates are described. In some embodiments, the coating may be a metal alloy coating applied to an inner surface of an article such as a rod, tube or pipe. The inner surface can be present within a cavity of an article.

Shock absorbers that include a piston member configured to contact a functional fluid during movement of the piston member are described. The piston member can include a coating on a surface of the piston member. The coating can include a metal or metal alloy such as, for example, molybdenum or tungsten in combination with one or more other materials.

Rods and pipes that include a coated surface are described. The rod or pipe can include an alloy layer on a surface. The alloy layer can include molybdenum or tungsten and at least one element or at least one compound comprising one or more of nickel, cobalt, chromium, tin, phosphorous, iron, magnesium or boron.

Metal work rolls that contact a functional fluid during movement of a rotatable body are described. The rotatable body can include a coated surface with a surface coating. The surface coating can include a metal or metal alloy such as, for example, a molybdenum alloy or a nickel alloy or a tungsten alloy. Systems and processes using the coated work rolls are also described.

Rotational devices that include a substrate with a coated surface are described. The coated surface can include an alloy layer with molybdenum or tungsten and at least one element selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, chromium, tin, phosphorous, iron, magnesium and boron. Systems including the rotational devices are also described.

Pneumatic articles that include a moveable component with a coated surface are described. The coated surface can include a surface coating including an alloy layer that includes molybdenum or tungsten in combination with one or more other materials. Pneumatic cylinders and pneumatic devices are also described.

Hydraulic devices that include a moveable component configured to contact a functional fluid during movement of the hydraulic device are described. The hydraulic device can include a coating on a surface. The coating can include a metal or metal alloy such as, for example, a molybdenum or tungsten in combination with one or more other materials.