A laser-solid-forming manufacturing device includes a laser emitter, a magnetic field generator, and a forming platform. The laser emitter emits a laser beam which acts on a feedstock to form a molten pool. The magnetic field generator includes a spiral copper coil, a first electrode and a second electrode. The spiral copper coil is formed by spirally winding a copper tube. The first and second electrodes are arranged at respective ends of the copper tube and are used for loading a voltage to generate a magnetic field in the spiral copper coil. At any time, the spiral copper coil sleeves an action point of the laser beam and the feedstock. A corresponding laser-solid-forming manufacturing method is also presented.

Techniques are disclosed for milling an iron-containing raw material in the presence of a nitrogen source to generate anisotropically shaped particles that include iron nitride and have an aspect ratio of at least 1.4. Techniques for nitridizing an anisotropic particle including iron, and annealing an anisotropic particle including iron nitride to form at least one a″-Fe16N2 phase domain within the anisotropic particle including iron nitride also are disclosed. In addition, techniques for aligning and joining anisotropic particles to form a bulk material including iron nitride, such as a bulk permanent magnet including at least one a″-Fe16N2 phase domain, are described. Milling apparatuses utilizing elongated bars, an electric field, and a magnetic field also are disclosed.

Techniques are disclosed for milling an iron-containing raw material in the presence of a nitrogen source to generate anisotropically shaped particles that include iron nitride and have an aspect ratio of at least 1.4. Techniques for nitridizing an anisotropic particle including iron, and annealing an anisotropic particle including iron nitride to form at least one a″-Fe16N2 phase domain within the anisotropic particle including iron nitride also are disclosed. In addition, techniques for aligning and joining anisotropic particles to form a bulk material including iron nitride, such as a bulk permanent magnet including at least one a″-Fe16N2 phase domain, are described. Milling apparatuses utilizing elongated bars, an electric field, and a magnetic field also are disclosed.

A method for producing an RFeB system sintered magnet according to the present invention includes: a process (S1) of preparing a lump of HDDR-treated raw material alloy that contains a polycrystalline substance including crystal grains having an average grain size of 1 μm or less in terms of an equivalent circle diameter calculated from an electron micrograph image, by an HDDR treatment including steps of heating a lump of RFeB system alloy containing 26.5 to 29.5% by weight of the rare-earth element R, in a hydrogen atmosphere at a temperature between 700 and 1,000° C., and changing the atmosphere to vacuum while maintaining the temperature within a range from 750 to 900° C.; a process (S2) of preparing a lump of raw material alloy having a high rare-earth content by heating the lump of HDDR-treated raw material alloy at a temperature between 700 and 950° C. in a state where the HDDR-treated raw material alloy is in contact with a contact substance including a second alloy that contains the rare-earth element R at a higher content ratio than a content ratio of the rare-earth element R in the RFeB system alloy; a process (S3) of preparing raw material alloy powder by fine pulverization of the lump of raw material alloy having a high rare-earth content into powder having an average particle size of 1 μm or less; an orienting process (S4) including steps of placing the raw material alloy powder in a mold, and applying a magnetic field to the raw material alloy powder without conducting compression molding; and a sintering process (S5) including a step of heating the oriented raw material alloy powder at a temperature between 850 and 1,050° C.

A method, computer system, and a computer program product for object modeling is provided. The present invention may include generating a temporary modeling structure based on at least a digital model and one or more printing preferences. The present invention may include sending printing instructions to a 3D printer based on the temporary modeling structure. The present invention may include receiving feedback from a sensory based system, the sensory based system monitoring a printing chamber of the 3D printer. The present invention may include updating the printing instructions based on an analysis of the feedback of the feedback received from the sensory based system.

A method, computer system, and a computer program product for object modeling is provided. The present invention may include generating a temporary modeling structure based on at least a digital model and one or more printing preferences. The present invention may include sending printing instructions to a 3D printer based on the temporary modeling structure. The present invention may include receiving feedback from a sensory based system, the sensory based system monitoring a printing chamber of the 3D printer. The present invention may include updating the printing instructions based on an analysis of the feedback of the feedback received from the sensory based system.

The disclosure discloses a NdFeB permanent magnet and a preparation method thereof. The magnet is composed of main phase I, a shell structure, a grain boundary phase adjacent to the shell structure, a main phase II, a Ga rich region and a Cu rich region. The magnet has high remanence, high coercivity, and high magnetic energy. In addition, this method can significantly reduce the production cost.

The present invention provides a rare-earth sintered magnet that is characterized in that: R (R indicates one or more elements selected from rare-earth elements, wherein Nd is essential), T (T indicates one or more elements selected from iron-group elements, wherein Fe is essential), X (X indicates one or two elements selected from B and C, wherein B is essential), M.sup.1 (M.sup.1 indicates one or more elements selected from Al, Si, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Mo, Sn, W, Pb, and Bi), 0.1 mass % or less of O, 0.05 mass % or less of N, and 0.07 mass % or less of C are contained; the average crystal grain size is 4.0 μm or less; and relational expression (1) 0.26×D+97≤Or≤0.26×D+99 is satisfied assuming that the degree of orientation is Or [%] and that the average crystal grain size is D [μm]. With this rare-earth sintered magnet, it is possible to achieve superior magnetic characteristics in which both high Br and high H.sub.cJ are achieved.

The present invention provides a rare-earth sintered magnet that is characterized in that: R (R indicates one or more elements selected from rare-earth elements, wherein Nd is essential), T (T indicates one or more elements selected from iron-group elements, wherein Fe is essential), X (X indicates one or two elements selected from B and C, wherein B is essential), M.sup.1 (M.sup.1 indicates one or more elements selected from Al, Si, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Mo, Sn, W, Pb, and Bi), 0.1 mass % or less of O, 0.05 mass % or less of N, and 0.07 mass % or less of C are contained; the average crystal grain size is 4.0 μm or less; and relational expression (1) 0.26×D+97≤Or≤0.26×D+99 is satisfied assuming that the degree of orientation is Or [%] and that the average crystal grain size is D [μm]. With this rare-earth sintered magnet, it is possible to achieve superior magnetic characteristics in which both high Br and high H.sub.cJ are achieved.

The invention relates to a sintered metal material comprising at least one magnetic part, characterised by directional through-pores having a size of between 1 and 100 μm, said material having a density varying by less than 20% from one sample of 1 cm3 to another taken from a one-piece part made from the material.