A mirror, a mirror substrate, a method for producing are provided. The mirror substrate is made of a material having a coefficient of mean linear thermal expansion of less than or equal to 1*10.sup.6/K. The mirror substrate includes at least one feature selected from a group consisting of: a ratio of a lateral dimension to a maximum thickness of at least 100, a ratio of the lateral dimension to the maximum thickness of at least 150, a ratio of the lateral dimension to the maximum thickness of at least 200, a ratio of the lateral dimension to the maximum thickness of at least 300, a weight per unit area of 100 kg/m.sup.2 or less, a weight per unit area of 50 kg/m.sup.2 or less, a weight per unit area of 30 kg/m.sup.2 or less, a weight per unit area of 15 kg/m.sup.2 or less, a mirror surface with a roughness (R.sub.a) of at most 3.5 m, and a mirror surface with a roughness (R.sub.a) of less than 1.2 m.

A method of polishing a target surface of a waveguide to achieve perpendicularity relative to a reference surface is disclosed. The method includes i) providing a polishing apparatus having a polishing plate with a flat surface defining a reference plane, and an adjustable mounting apparatus configured to hold the waveguide during polishing at a plurality of angular orientations; ii) positioning an optical alignment sensor and a light reflecting apparatus such that a first collimated light beam is reflected off of a surface parallel to the reference plane, and a second perpendicular collimated light beam is reflected off of the reference surface; iii) aligning the waveguide within the polishing apparatus such that the reflections received by the optical alignment sensor align within the optical alignment sensor, thereby being indicative of perpendicularity between the reference plane and the reference surface; and iv) polishing the target surface of the aligned waveguide.

A method of polishing a target surface of a waveguide to achieve perpendicularity relative to a reference surface is disclosed. The method includes i) providing a polishing apparatus having a polishing plate with a flat surface defining a reference plane, and an adjustable mounting apparatus configured to hold the waveguide during polishing at a plurality of angular orientations; ii) positioning an optical alignment sensor and a light reflecting apparatus such that a first collimated light beam is reflected off of a surface parallel to the reference plane, and a second perpendicular collimated light beam is reflected off of the reference surface; iii) aligning the waveguide within the polishing apparatus such that the reflections received by the optical alignment sensor align within the optical alignment sensor, thereby being indicative of perpendicularity between the reference plane and the reference surface; and iv) polishing the target surface of the aligned waveguide.

A method of collectively producing display panels each having an outline a part of which is curved includes a bonded substrate forming process of bonding substrates in a pair one of which has thin film patterns and forming a bonded substrate 50, a layering process of layering multiple bonded substrates 50 via curing resin 60 and curing the curing resin 60, a grinding process of collectively grinding the substrates in a pair and the curing resin 60 that are outside the thin film pattern on each of the bonded substrates 50B that are layered on each other along the outline and collectively forming edge surfaces of the display panels each having the curved outline, and a separation process of separating each of the bonded substrates 50B that are layered on each other from the curing resin 60.

A method of collectively producing display panels each having an outline a part of which is curved includes a bonded substrate forming process of bonding substrates in a pair one of which has thin film patterns and forming a bonded substrate 50, a layering process of layering multiple bonded substrates 50 via curing resin 60 and curing the curing resin 60, a grinding process of collectively grinding the substrates in a pair and the curing resin 60 that are outside the thin film pattern on each of the bonded substrates 50B that are layered on each other along the outline and collectively forming edge surfaces of the display panels each having the curved outline, and a separation process of separating each of the bonded substrates 50B that are layered on each other from the curing resin 60.

A method of forming a recess in a surface of a substrate includes: providing an abrasive article comprising a structured abrasive member disposed along a peripheral surface of a support member, frictionally contacting the structured abrasive layer with a surface of a substrate, longitudinally advancing the structured abrasive layer relative to the surface of the substrate; and rotating at least one of the abrasive article or the substrate relative to the other around a rotational axis perpendicular to the surface of the substrate such that the structured abrasive layer maintains contact with and abrades the surface of the substrate. The structured abrasive member comprises a structured abrasive layer comprising shaped abrasive composites secured to a backing, wherein the backing is proximate to the support member. The shaped abrasive composites comprise abrasive particles retained in a binder material. The present disclosure also provides an abrasive wheel comprises a structured abrasive member disposed on a peripheral surface of a support wheel and display covers including a spherically concave recess abutting a cylindrical passage.

A method of forming a recess in a surface of a substrate includes: providing an abrasive article comprising a structured abrasive member disposed along a peripheral surface of a support member, frictionally contacting the structured abrasive layer with a surface of a substrate, longitudinally advancing the structured abrasive layer relative to the surface of the substrate; and rotating at least one of the abrasive article or the substrate relative to the other around a rotational axis perpendicular to the surface of the substrate such that the structured abrasive layer maintains contact with and abrades the surface of the substrate. The structured abrasive member comprises a structured abrasive layer comprising shaped abrasive composites secured to a backing, wherein the backing is proximate to the support member. The shaped abrasive composites comprise abrasive particles retained in a binder material. The present disclosure also provides an abrasive wheel comprises a structured abrasive member disposed on a peripheral surface of a support wheel and display covers including a spherically concave recess abutting a cylindrical passage.

A textured glass-based article with multiple haze levels is provided. The textured glass-based articles are produced by utilizing a combination of etching and mechanical polishing to produce the multiple haze levels.

A method of collectively producing display panels each having an outline a part of which is curved includes a bonded substrate forming process of bonding substrates in a pair one of which has thin film patterns and forming a bonded substrate 50, a layering process of layering multiple bonded substrates 50 via curing resin 60 and curing the curing resin 60, a grinding process of collectively grinding the substrates in a pair and the curing resin 60 that are outside the thin film pattern on each of the bonded substrates 50B that are layered on each other along the outline and collectively forming edge surfaces of the display panels each having the curved outline, and a separation process of separating each of the bonded substrates 50B that are layered on each other from the curing resin 60.

A mirror, a mirror substrate, a method for producing are provided. The mirror substrate is made of a material having a coefficient of mean linear thermal expansion of less than or equal to 1*10.sup.6/K. The mirror substrate includes at least one feature selected from a group consisting of: a ratio of a lateral dimension to a maximum thickness of at least 100, a ratio of the lateral dimension to the maximum thickness of at least 150, a ratio of the lateral dimension to the maximum thickness of at least 200, a ratio of the lateral dimension to the maximum thickness of at least 300, a weight per unit area of 100 kg/m.sup.2 or less, a weight per unit area of 50 kg/m.sup.2 or less, a weight per unit area of 30 kg/m.sup.2 or less, a weight per unit area of 15 kg/m.sup.2 or less, a mirror surface with a roughness (R.sub.a) of at most 3.5 m, and a mirror surface with a roughness (R.sub.a) of less than 1.2 m.