A three-dimensional object includes an outer-layer member and an inner structural member. The outer-layer member is a layer to constitute the surface of the three-dimensional object, and includes an inner space. The outer-layer member is made up of a plurality of divided outer-layer pieces formed of build material, which is functional ink ejected from a droplet ejection head and cured. The inner structural member is disposed in the inner space of the outer-layer member and configured to support the outer-layer member.

The invention discloses a method of manufacturing a handrail assembly including steps of 1) providing a first material layer and a second material layer, wherein the second material layer is a hot melt material; 2) stacking the second material layer on the first material layer to form a substrate layer with an integrated structure; 3) curling the substrate layer to form a handrail cover matching a handrail tube, wherein the handrail cover is a sleeve structure and the second material layer is located at an inner side of the handrail cover; 4) inserting the handrail tube matching the handrail cover into the handrail cover to form a handrail assembly semi-finished product; 5) baking the handrail assembly semi-finished product until the second material layer is completely melted; and 6) cooling the handrail assembly semi-finished product after baking to form the handrail assembly.

Systems and methods for applying a protective layer to an outer surface of a mobile device. A system may include a protective layer for an outer surface of a mobile device and an alignment layer coupled to the protective layer. A frame may define a cavity configured to receive the mobile device. The frame may include a surface positioned outside of the cavity and configured to support the alignment layer and configured to be depressed relative to the mobile device to reduce a distance between the protective layer and the outer surface of the mobile device when the mobile device is positioned in the cavity.

Systems and methods for applying a protective layer to an outer surface of a mobile device. A system may include a protective layer for an outer surface of a mobile device and an alignment layer coupled to the protective layer. A frame may define a cavity configured to receive the mobile device. The frame may include a surface positioned outside of the cavity and configured to support the alignment layer and configured to be depressed relative to the mobile device to reduce a distance between the protective layer and the outer surface of the mobile device when the mobile device is positioned in the cavity.

An apparatus for manufacturing a surface-layered part includes: a main support that supports a surface layer member to be placed under a base member; a pulling device arranged at a periphery of the main support, wherein the pulling device includes a pulling member that pulls an edge of the surface layer member outward with respect to the support member; a base member clamping device that fixedly clamps the surface layer member, having been pulled outward by the pulling member, against the main support via the base member placed over the surface layer member; and a relieving device that separates the pulling member from the edge of the surface layer member to allow the edge of the surface layer member to wrap around the edge of the base member by an elastic restoring force of the surface layer member, thereby integrating them.

An apparatus for manufacturing a surface-layered part includes: a main support that supports a surface layer member to be placed under a base member; a pulling device arranged at a periphery of the main support, wherein the pulling device includes a pulling member that pulls an edge of the surface layer member outward with respect to the support member; a base member clamping device that fixedly clamps the surface layer member, having been pulled outward by the pulling member, against the main support via the base member placed over the surface layer member; and a relieving device that separates the pulling member from the edge of the surface layer member to allow the edge of the surface layer member to wrap around the edge of the base member by an elastic restoring force of the surface layer member, thereby integrating them.

A system for coating a field joint of a pipeline places at least one body having a thermoplastics material around the field joint. The body is heated in a mould cavity around the field joint to effect thermal expansion of the thermoplastics material. Thermal expansion of the body in the mould cavity is constrained to apply elevated pressure between the body and pipe sections joined at the field joint. The elevated pressure improves bonding and fusing between the body, which forms a field joint coating, and the parent coatings and the exposed pipe sections of the pipe joints. The body need not be fully molten, which reduces the mould residence time including in-mould heating and cooling phases.

A system for coating a field joint of a pipeline places at least one body having a thermoplastics material around the field joint. The body is heated in a mould cavity around the field joint to effect thermal expansion of the thermoplastics material. Thermal expansion of the body in the mould cavity is constrained to apply elevated pressure between the body and pipe sections joined at the field joint. The elevated pressure improves bonding and fusing between the body, which forms a field joint coating, and the parent coatings and the exposed pipe sections of the pipe joints. The body need not be fully molten, which reduces the mould residence time including in-mould heating and cooling phases.

An apparatus for manufacturing a surface-layered part comprises: a main support that supports a surface layer member to be placed wider a base member; a pulling device arranged at a periphery of the main support, wherein the pulling device includes a pulling member that pulls an edge of the surface layer member outward with respect to the support member; a base member clamping device that fixedly clamps the surface layer member, having been pulled outward by the pulling member, against the main support via the base member placed over the surface layer member; and a relieving device that separates the pulling member from the edge of the surface layer member to allow the edge of the surface layer member to wrap around the edge of the base member by an elastic restoring force of the surface layer member, thereby integrating them.

An apparatus for manufacturing a surface-layered part comprises: a main support that supports a surface layer member to be placed wider a base member; a pulling device arranged at a periphery of the main support, wherein the pulling device includes a pulling member that pulls an edge of the surface layer member outward with respect to the support member; a base member clamping device that fixedly clamps the surface layer member, having been pulled outward by the pulling member, against the main support via the base member placed over the surface layer member; and a relieving device that separates the pulling member from the edge of the surface layer member to allow the edge of the surface layer member to wrap around the edge of the base member by an elastic restoring force of the surface layer member, thereby integrating them.