The invention relates to a material with high anti-explosivity and vaporization reduction, which is an alloy of aluminum, nano activated carbon or nano graphene and a plurality of other metal elements in the form of an engineered mesh (cylindrical forms—inner jacket) that represents 2% of the internal volume of the content of oil, its derivatives and gas. The material has high absorptivity and high absorptivity, suppresses the movement of gas particles and fumes, improves the flash point by 35%, the ignition temperature by 40% and reduces evaporation by 70%, thereby preventing the explosion of oil, its derivatives and gas upon exposure (fire, collision, static electricity, high heat, being struck by a projectile). Separately, the polymer sodium polyacrylate is added to crude oil to improve its properties and protect it from explosion.

An explosion suppression insert for a fuel tank includes a hollow body having an inner surface and an outer surface, the hollow body being made of an explosion suppressing material; and a plurality of perforations defined in the outer wall. In some embodiments, a nonwoven explosion resisting insert for a fuel tank includes a body including a plurality of interconnected non-woven fibrous struts being made of an explosion suppressing material, the body having a first end and a second end; and a plurality of voids defined by the plurality of struts, the voids being configured such that the body has a porosity of between 5 pores per inch and 50 pores per inch. Methods of manufacturing explosion resisting inserts are also provided.

A method of forming a tank with a stiffening assembly includes forming a fuel tank such that the tank wall carries at least a first and second insert, locating a connecting assembly within the tank interior aligned with the first and second inserts, the connecting assembly including a tubular body, a first coupler, and a second coupler, and coupling at least a portion of the first insert with the first coupler and at least a portion of the second insert with the second coupler to limit movement of the two wall portions relative to each other.

A compartment for storing fuel in a vehicle having a protective outer structure and an inner structure. The protective outer structure is maintained in position relative to the vehicle during normal operation of the vehicle. The inner structure, which holds fuel, is positioned in the outer structure. The inner structure is maintained in position relative to the outer structure and relative to the vehicle during normal operation of the vehicle. During an impact to the vehicle, the inner structure is configured to move independent of the outer structure.

A hydrogen tank storage case that stores a hydrogen tank and that is loaded on a moving object includes: a housing having a box shape and having a side wall, a bottom, and a lid. The bottom and the lid have a communication portion configured to allow communication between the inside and outside of the housing. A flow resistance of the lid is lower than a flow resistance of the bottom.

A tank assembly includes a tank, at least one pressure relief valve, at least one heat transmission path, and at least one heat transmission element. The at least one pressure relief valve is configured to allow a pressure relief of the tank when a temperature threshold value at the pressure relief valve is exceeded. The heat transmission path and the pressure relief valve are connected via the at least one heat transmission element. The heat transmission element is changeable with respect to the heat transmission between the heat transmission path and the pressure relief valve.

Methods, systems, and apparatus for monitoring a cylinder. The system includes a plurality of sensors connected to the cylinder and configured to detect deformation data associated with the cylinder. The system includes a controller communicatively coupled to the plurality of sensors. The controller is configured to determine a damage value based on the detected deformation data when the cylinder endures impact damage. The controller is configured to communicate a notification when the damage value exceeds an impact damage threshold. The system includes a filling controller communicatively coupled to the plurality of sensors. The filling controller is configured to control a valve for filling the cylinder with a fluid. The filling controller is configured to detect damage to the cylinder above a specified threshold as the cylinder is filled with the fluid. The filling controller is configured to automatically perform a safety action when the damage to the cylinder is detected.

An explosion suppression insert for a fuel tank includes a hollow body having an inner surface and an outer surface, the hollow body being made of an explosion suppressing material; and a plurality of perforations defined in the outer wall. In some embodiments, a nonwoven explosion resisting insert for a fuel tank includes a body including a plurality of interconnected non-woven fibrous struts being made of an explosion suppressing material, the body having a first end and a second end; and a plurality of voids defined by the plurality of struts, the voids being configured such that the body has a porosity of between 5 pores per inch and 50 pores per inch. Methods of manufacturing explosion resisting inserts are also provided.

An apparatus for controlling an engine start during refueling of a hybrid vehicle includes a controller configured to: stop an engine to block the engine start by sensing whether the vehicle enters into a refueling state in accordance with a fuel injection port open or closed state, a vehicle speed, and brake pedal state (BPS) information, and start the engine to release blocking of the engine start in accordance with a switchover to a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) mode by sensing whether the refueling state has been released in accordance with the fuel injection port open or closed state, the vehicle speed, and acceleration pedal state APS) information.

A fuel container having walls defining a space in which fuel is to be contained, a layer of deformable material bonded to the external surfaces of the container walls, and a self-sealing layer of fuel-activated swellable material bonded to the deformable material, wherein said self-sealing layer is a latex foam, in particular a natural rubber latex foam, comprising a non-ionic associative thickener as rheology modifier and optionally other additives such as foam enhancers, foam stabilizers, accelerators and vulcanization components.