A fluid system includes a reservoir having a first reservoir chamber and a second reservoir chamber separated by a movable barrier, the first reservoir chamber being configured to contain a working fluid. The fluid system includes a piston housing defining an internal volume and a piston movable within the internal volume, the piston separating the internal volume into a first piston chamber and a second piston chamber, the second piston chamber being fluidly coupled to the second reservoir chamber. The fluid system includes a fluid supply configured to provide a control fluid to the first piston chamber.

A method is provided to control the acceleration of a motor vehicle from a current speed, wherein the motor vehicle includes an accelerator pedal system able to generate on the accelerator pedal an added reaction force when the depression of the accelerator pedal reaches a given depression level. The method includes the steps of: a) measuring the current vehicle speed; b) determining a target speed of the motor vehicle in function at least of the current vehicle speed or determining from the current vehicle speed a maximum acceleration rate; c) determining at least one threshold depression level of the accelerator pedal that corresponds to the stabilization of the vehicle speed at the target speed or that corresponds to maximum acceleration rate; d) generating an added reaction force on the accelerator pedal if the depression of the accelerator pedal reaches or is about to reach the threshold depression level; wherein at least steps a), b), and c) are automatically repeated as vehicle speed increases.

A method is provided to control the acceleration of a motor vehicle from a current speed, wherein the motor vehicle includes an accelerator pedal system able to generate on the accelerator pedal an added reaction force when the depression of the accelerator pedal reaches a given depression level. The method includes the steps of: a) measuring the current vehicle speed; b) determining a target speed of the motor vehicle in function at least of the current vehicle speed or determining from the current vehicle speed a maximum acceleration rate; c) determining at least one threshold depression level of the accelerator pedal that corresponds to the stabilization of the vehicle speed at the target speed or that corresponds to maximum acceleration rate; d) generating an added reaction force on the accelerator pedal if the depression of the accelerator pedal reaches or is about to reach the threshold depression level; wherein at least steps a), b), and c) are automatically repeated as vehicle speed increases.

A fluid system includes a reservoir having a first reservoir chamber and a second reservoir chamber separated by a movable barrier, the first reservoir chamber being configured to contain a working fluid. The fluid system includes a piston housing defining an internal volume and a piston movable within the internal volume, the piston separating the internal volume into a first piston chamber and a second piston chamber, the second piston chamber being fluidly coupled to the second reservoir chamber. The fluid system includes a fluid supply configured to provide a control fluid to the first piston chamber.

A hybrid drive system and associated methods are described that include an internal combustion engine, an electric motor, and a liquid cooling system. In one example, the liquid cooling system includes an oil circulation system that cools selected components, and lubricates selected components.

Disclosed are a control method for a hydraulic retarder, and a control system. The method includes: acquiring a slope of a downhill road segment ahead of a vehicle; determining whether an absolute value of the slope is greater than an absolute value of a slope for which a braking force is not required; if so, predicting a required braking force and oil amount for the vehicle at a steady speed; predicting, according to the oil amount, oil filling time and a distance between the vehicle and an origin of the above road segment at the start time of oil filling of the hydraulic retarder; in the case that the actual distance of the vehicle is equal to a predicted distance, starting oil filling; and upon the vehicle reaching the origin of the road segment, starting braking. The present disclosure can lower wear of brake pads and reduce vehicle running costs.

Disclosed are a control method for a hydraulic retarder, and a control system. The method includes: acquiring a slope of a downhill road segment ahead of a vehicle; determining whether an absolute value of the slope is greater than an absolute value of a slope for which a braking force is not required; if so, predicting a required braking force and oil amount for the vehicle at a steady speed; predicting, according to the oil amount, oil filling time and a distance between the vehicle and an origin of the above road segment at the start time of oil filling of the hydraulic retarder; in the case that the actual distance of the vehicle is equal to a predicted distance, starting oil filling; and upon the vehicle reaching the origin of the road segment, starting braking. The present disclosure can lower wear of brake pads and reduce vehicle running costs.