A heat exchange module having a first heat exchanger, configured to enable heat exchange between a first fluid and a flow of air and extending inside a first plane of overall extension, and a second heat exchanger, configured to enable heat exchange between a second fluid and the flow of air and extending inside a second plane of overall extension, is disclosed. A housing delimiting, with the first heat exchanger, a circulation channel for the flow of air is included. The module has at least one air distribution member, movable between a position in which the air distribution member allows the flow of air to pass through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and a position in which the air distribution member prevents the flow of air from passing through the first heat exchanger while allowing the flow of air to pass through the second heat exchanger.

A charging system for an autonomous rover includes a charging interface with contacts that interface with the autonomous rover, a rover power source for the autonomous rover, and circuitry operated by the autonomous rover for controlling charging of the rover power source.

A vehicle comprises a battery, a temperature adjustment unit, an inlet, a relay unit, a relay unit, a relay unit, and an ECU. When a power charging station is connected to the inlet, the ECU controls the relay unit to assume a closed position to perform external charging to charge the battery by the power charging station. When the ECU drives the temperature adjustment unit during the external charging and a component on a charging path at an electrical path located between a branch point and a branch point is higher in temperature than a threshold temperature, the ECU controls the relay unit to assume an open position and the relay unit to assume a closed position.

A cart may include a driving wheel, a motor configured to rotate the driving wheel, a motor drive circuit configured to drive the motor, a motor brake circuit configured to electrically brake the motor, a control device configured to control the motor via the motor drive circuit and the motor brake circuit so that a travelling speed of the cart becomes equal to or lower than an upper limit travelling speed, and a temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of the motor brake circuit. The control device may be configured to change the upper limit travelling speed to a second upper limit travelling speed lower than the first upper limit travelling speed when the upper limit travelling speed is a first upper limit travelling speed and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds a first predetermined temperature.

A cooling system for a capacitor may include a housing for the capacitor, the housing comprising of a bottom surface, a top surface, and at least one side surface connecting the bottom surface and the top surface, the housing further including: a bottom inlet manifold and a bottom outlet manifold extending along the bottom surface; an inlet side channel extending along the side surface, the inlet side channel being in fluid communication with the bottom inlet manifold; an outlet side channel extending along the side surface, the outlet side channel being in fluid communication with the bottom outlet manifold; a top inlet manifold extending along the top surface, the top inlet manifold being in fluid communication with the inlet side channel; and a top outlet manifold extending along the top surface, the top outlet manifold being in fluid communication with the outlet side channel.

A charge control system includes a lithium battery configured to provide lithium battery power to a set of electrical loads, a user signaling device, and control circuitry coupled with the lithium battery and the user signaling device. The control circuitry is operative to: (A) detect availability of charge from an external charger, (B) in response to detection of the availability of charge from the external charger and prior to controlling the external charger to adjust the amount of charge stored by the lithium battery, perform a set of pre-charging assessment operations, and (C) based on the set of pre-charging assessment operations, provide a user notification via the user signaling device, the user notification indicating whether the lithium battery is properly setup for charge adjustment. When the user signaling device generates the user notification, the user is informed that the utility vehicle is properly connected to the external charger.

An electric vehicle comprises a vehicle chassis extending along a longitudinal axis and a rotatable vehicle drive axle disposed along a transverse axis and having opposed ends that are configured for attachment to a pair of opposed drive wheels. The electric vehicle also comprises a selectively movable electric propulsion motor comprising a rotatable motor shaft rotatable about a motor axis, the electric propulsion motor configured to be mounted within the vehicle chassis and operatively coupled to the rotatable vehicle drive axle and opposed drive wheels, the motor axis configured to be oriented in a substantially vertical direction.

Methods and apparatuses for accurately estimating an internal temperature of a secondary battery with a charging rate SOC and a charge/discharge state taken into account are provided. A method may include a method of estimating an internal temperature (T) of a secondary battery for a vehicle, which includes a change determination process to be repeatedly performed and an internal temperature estimation process to be repeatedly performed.

Disclosed herein are systems and method for temperature management. A system, such as a vehicle, includes a plurality of energy storage units that can include a supercapacitor. The system can include at least one heating unit coupled to the plurality of supercapacitors. The system can include at least one cooling unit coupled to the plurality of supercapacitors. The system can include at least one temperature sensor coupled to the plurality of supercapacitors. The system can include a controller, including a processor and a memory, configured to determine if a measured temperature from the at least one temperature sensor is within a predetermined range. The controller can also engage the heating unit, when the measured temperature is below the predetermined range. The controller can also engage the cooling unit, when the measured temperature is above the predetermined range.

This disclosure describes at least embodiments of an aircraft monitoring system for an electric or hybrid airplane. The aircraft monitoring system can be constructed to enable the electric or hybrid aircraft to pass certification requirements relating to a safety risk analysis. The aircraft monitoring system can have different subsystems for monitoring and alerting of failures of a component, such as a battery pack, a motor controller, and/or a motors. The failures that pose a greater safety risk may be monitored and indicated by one or more subsystems without use of programmable components.