Dangerous driving events may be reported by detecting an occurrence of a dangerous event relating to the operation of a vehicle. A notification message of the dangerous event may be generated involving a time of occurrence of the dangerous event, a location of the dangerous event, and an event type of a plurality of event types for the dangerous event. The notification message may then be transmitted to communicate the occurrence dangerous driving event and information related to the dangerous driving event.

A system for estimating tire parameters for an off-road vehicle in real time, the system including a processing circuit including a processor and memory, the memory having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the processor, cause the processing circuit to measure a position of the vehicle at a first time, determine, based on the position, motion characteristics of the vehicle, predict, based on the motion characteristics, a position of the vehicle at a second time, measure a position of the vehicle at the second time, and generate a tire parameter associated with the vehicle based on the predicted position and the measured position of the vehicle at the second time.

A system for estimating tire parameters for an off-road vehicle in real time, the system including a processing circuit including a processor and memory, the memory having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the processor, cause the processing circuit to measure a position of the vehicle at a first time, determine, based on the position, motion characteristics of the vehicle, predict, based on the motion characteristics, a position of the vehicle at a second time, measure a position of the vehicle at the second time, and generate a tire parameter associated with the vehicle based on the predicted position and the measured position of the vehicle at the second time.

Systems and methods for determining whether a vehicle is in an understeer or oversteer situation. The system includes a controller circuit coupled to an IMU and an EPS, and programmed to: calculate, for a steered first axle, an axle-based pneumatic trail for using IMU measurements and EPS signals and estimate a saturation level as a function of a distance between the axle-based pneumatic trail and zero. The system estimates, for an unsteered second axle, an axle lateral force curve with respect to a slip angle of the second axle, and a saturation level as a function of when the axle lateral force curve with respect to the slip angle transitions from positive values to negative values. The saturation level of the first axle and the second axle are integrated. The system determines that the vehicle is in an understeer or oversteer situation as a function of the integrated saturation levels.

Systems and methods for determining whether a vehicle is in an understeer or oversteer situation. The system includes a controller circuit coupled to an IMU and an EPS, and programmed to: calculate, for a steered first axle, an axle-based pneumatic trail for using IMU measurements and EPS signals and estimate a saturation level as a function of a distance between the axle-based pneumatic trail and zero. The system estimates, for an unsteered second axle, an axle lateral force curve with respect to a slip angle of the second axle, and a saturation level as a function of when the axle lateral force curve with respect to the slip angle transitions from positive values to negative values. The saturation level of the first axle and the second axle are integrated. The system determines that the vehicle is in an understeer or oversteer situation as a function of the integrated saturation levels.

A method of maintaining stability of a motor vehicle having a first axle, a second axle, and a steering actuator configured to steer the first axle includes determining localization and heading of the vehicle. The method also includes determining a current side-slip angle of the second axle and setting a maximum side-slip angle of the second axle using the friction coefficient at the vehicle and road surface interface. The method additionally includes predicting when the maximum side-slip angle would be exceeded using the localization, heading, and determined current side-slip angle as inputs to a linear computational model. The method also includes updating the model using the prediction of when the maximum side-slip angle would be exceeded to determine impending instability of the vehicle. Furthermore, the method includes correcting for the impending instability using the updated model and the maximum side-slip angle via modifying a steering angle of the first axle.

A method of maintaining stability of a motor vehicle having a first axle, a second axle, and a steering actuator configured to steer the first axle includes determining localization and heading of the vehicle. The method also includes determining a current side-slip angle of the second axle and setting a maximum side-slip angle of the second axle using the friction coefficient at the vehicle and road surface interface. The method additionally includes predicting when the maximum side-slip angle would be exceeded using the localization, heading, and determined current side-slip angle as inputs to a linear computational model. The method also includes updating the model using the prediction of when the maximum side-slip angle would be exceeded to determine impending instability of the vehicle. Furthermore, the method includes correcting for the impending instability using the updated model and the maximum side-slip angle via modifying a steering angle of the first axle.

A vehicle and associated method for calculating tire saturation is provided. The method may include the stability control computer calculating slip ratio and longitudinal force for the tire, calculating tire longitudinal stiffness by dividing longitudinal force by slip ratio, calculating tire saturation from tire longitudinal stiffness, and the stability control computer altering dynamic control of the vehicle based on calculated tire saturation. The stability control computer may calculate tire saturation from a tire saturation membership function which includes a first tire longitudinal stiffness value representing an unsaturated tire, a second tire longitudinal stiffness value representing a saturated tire, and a function line connecting the first tire longitudinal stiffness value to the second tire longitudinal stiffness value.

A moving amount estimating apparatus includes a position data obtaining unit, a first estimating unit, and a second estimating unit. The position data obtaining unit obtains a plurality of position data used to form a projection object image before and after movement of a mobile body. The first estimating unit calculates a moving amount of a parallel movement and/or a rotational movement of second position data as a moving amount of a mobile body when a plurality of moving position data is calculated. A second estimating unit compensates for a wheel moving amount based on a comparison between a second reference moving amount based on a rotating amount of a wheel during a predetermined period and a first reference moving amount obtained by calculating the moving amount of the mobile body in the first estimating unit during the predetermined period, and estimates the moving amount of the mobile body.

A moving amount estimating apparatus includes a position data obtaining unit, a first estimating unit, and a second estimating unit. The position data obtaining unit obtains a plurality of position data used to form a projection object image before and after movement of a mobile body. The first estimating unit calculates a moving amount of a parallel movement and/or a rotational movement of second position data as a moving amount of a mobile body when a plurality of moving position data is calculated. A second estimating unit compensates for a wheel moving amount based on a comparison between a second reference moving amount based on a rotating amount of a wheel during a predetermined period and a first reference moving amount obtained by calculating the moving amount of the mobile body in the first estimating unit during the predetermined period, and estimates the moving amount of the mobile body.