The present invention relates to activated and ground sodium hexametaphosphate frit particles and antimicrobial composite material comprising said activated and ground sodium hexametaphosphate frit particles embedded in a thermoplastic polymer such as low density polyethylene (LDPE). The invention also relates to the method for obtaining the composite material of the invention and a thermal activation method for the thermal activation of a sodium hexametaphosphate salt in order to generate the activated and ground sodium hexametaphosphate frit particles. The antimicrobial material of the invention is preferably used in the food industry.

An energy storage composition can be used as a new Na-ion battery cathode material. The energy storage composition with an alluaudite phase of A.sub.xT.sub.y(PO4).sub.z, Na.sub.xT.sub.y(PO4).sub.z, Na.sub.1.702Fe.sub.3(PO4).sub.3 and Na.sub.0.872Fe.sub.3(PO4).sub.3, is described including the hydrothermal synthesis, crystal structure, and electrochemical properties. After ball milling and carbon coating, the compositions described herein demonstrate a reversible capacity, such as about 140.7 mAh/g. In addition these compositions exhibit good cycling performance (93% of the initial capacity is retained after 50 cycles) and excellent rate capability. These alluaudite compounds represent a new cathode material for large-scale battery applications that are earth-abundant and sustainable.

An energy storage composition can be used as a new Na-ion battery cathode material. The energy storage composition with an alluaudite phase of A.sub.xT.sub.y(PO4).sub.z, Na.sub.xT.sub.y(PO4).sub.z, Na.sub.1.702Fe.sub.3(PO4).sub.3 and Na.sub.0.872Fe.sub.3(PO4).sub.3, is described including the hydrothermal synthesis, crystal structure, and electrochemical properties. After ball milling and carbon coating, the compositions described herein demonstrate a reversible capacity, such as about 140.7 mAh/g. In addition these compositions exhibit good cycling performance (93% of the initial capacity is retained after 50 cycles) and excellent rate capability. These alluaudite compounds represent a new cathode material for large-scale battery applications that are earth-abundant and sustainable.

An energy storage composition can be used as a new Na-ion battery cathode material. The energy storage composition with an alluaudite phase of A.sub.xT.sub.y(PO4).sub.z, Na.sub.xT.sub.y(PO4).sub.z, Na.sub.1.702Fe.sub.3(PO4).sub.3 and Na.sub.0.872Fe.sub.3(PO4).sub.3, is described including the hydrothermal synthesis, crystal structure, and electrochemical properties. After ball milling and carbon coating, the compositions described herein demonstrate a reversible capacity, such as about 140.7 mAh/g. In addition these compositions exhibit good cycling performance (93% of the initial capacity is retained after 50 cycles) and excellent rate capability. These alluaudite compounds represent a new cathode material for large-scale battery applications that are earth-abundant and sustainable.

An energy storage composition can be used as a new Na-ion battery cathode material. The energy storage composition with an alluaudite phase of A.sub.xT.sub.y(PO4).sub.z, Na.sub.xT.sub.y(PO4).sub.z, Na.sub.1.702Fe.sub.3(PO4).sub.3 and Na.sub.0.872Fe.sub.3(PO4).sub.3, is described including the hydrothermal synthesis, crystal structure, and electrochemical properties. After ball milling and carbon coating, the compositions described herein demonstrate a reversible capacity, such as about 140.7 mAh/g. In addition these compositions exhibit good cycling performance (93% of the initial capacity is retained after 50 cycles) and excellent rate capability. These alluaudite compounds represent a new cathode material for large-scale battery applications that are earth-abundant and sustainable.

Techniques are described for preparing a water filtration composition that includes activated carbon having an ash content of at least 10 wt. % and particles of a solubilizing agent. The solubilizing agent forms a water-soluble complex with cations (e.g., calcium ions). This increases the solubility of calcium ions and other scale-forming ions in water, thus suppressing scale formation on interior surfaces of water processing infrastructure. The activated carbon and the solubilizing agent are processed to have particle sizes in a same range, thus enabling the activated carbon and the solubilizing agent to be thoroughly mixed together.

Techniques are described for preparing a water filtration composition that includes activated carbon having an ash content of at least 10 wt. % and particles of a solubilizing agent. The solubilizing agent forms a water-soluble complex with cations (e.g., calcium ions). This increases the solubility of calcium ions and other scale-forming ions in water, thus suppressing scale formation on interior surfaces of water processing infrastructure. The activated carbon and the solubilizing agent are processed to have particle sizes in a same range, thus enabling the activated carbon and the solubilizing agent to be thoroughly mixed together.

The present invention relates to activated and ground sodium hexametaphosphate frit particles and antimicrobial composite material comprising said activated and ground sodium hexametaphosphate frit particles embedded in a thermoplastic polymer such as low density polyethylene (LDPE). The invention also relates to the method for obtaining the composite material of the invention and a thermal activation method for the thermal activation of a sodium hexametaphosphate salt in order to generate the activated and ground sodium hexametaphosphate frit particles. The antimicrobial material of the invention is preferably used in the food industry.

An energy storage composition can be used as a new Na-ion battery cathode material. The energy storage composition with an alluaudite phase of A.sub.xT.sub.y(PO4).sub.z, Na.sub.xT.sub.y(PO4).sub.z, Na.sub.1.702Fe.sub.3(PO4).sub.3 and Na.sub.0.872Fe.sub.3(PO4).sub.3, is described including the hydrothermal synthesis, crystal structure, and electrochemical properties. After ball milling and carbon coating, the compositions described herein demonstrate a reversible capacity, such as about 140.7 mAh/g. In addition these compositions exhibit good cycling performance (93% of the initial capacity is retained after 50 cycles) and excellent rate capability. These alluaudite compounds represent a new cathode material for large-scale battery applications that are earth-abundant and sustainable.

An energy storage composition can be used as a new Na-ion battery cathode material. The energy storage composition with an alluaudite phase of A.sub.xT.sub.y(PO4).sub.z, Na.sub.xT.sub.y(PO4).sub.z, Na.sub.1.702Fe.sub.3(PO4).sub.3 and Na.sub.0.872Fe.sub.3(PO4).sub.3, is described including the hydrothermal synthesis, crystal structure, and electrochemical properties. After ball milling and carbon coating, the compositions described herein demonstrate a reversible capacity, such as about 140.7 mAh/g. In addition these compositions exhibit good cycling performance (93% of the initial capacity is retained after 50 cycles) and excellent rate capability. These alluaudite compounds represent a new cathode material for large-scale battery applications that are earth-abundant and sustainable.