A method for preparing a magnesium adamantane carboxylate salt is provided. The method includes mixing a magnesium salt and a diamondoid compound having at least one carboxylic acid moiety to form a reactant mixture and hydrothermally treating the reactant mixture at a reaction temperature for a reaction time to form the magnesium adamantane carboxylate salt.

A p-type oxide which is amorphous and is represented by the following compositional formula: xAO.yCu.sub.2O where x denotes a proportion by mole of AO and y denotes a proportion by mole of Cu.sub.2O and x and y satisfy the following expressions: 0≦x<100 and x+y=100, and A is any one of Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba, or a mixture containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba.

A p-type oxide which is amorphous and is represented by the following compositional formula: xAO.yCu.sub.2O where x denotes a proportion by mole of AO and y denotes a proportion by mole of Cu.sub.2O and x and y satisfy the following expressions: 0≦x<100 and x+y=100, and A is any one of Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba, or a mixture containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba.

The invention discloses a metal and semi-metal oxide powder that, when applied to an environment, inhibits the growth of colonies of microorganisms, wherein the powder includes particles comprising a particle size distribution between 0.1 to 100 microns, which are formulated as a strongly bonded, porous, composite of nano-scale grains of materials wherein the grains have a surface area of 75 to 300 m.sup.2/g and which have less than about 10.sup.−4% of free radical species by weight, and wherein the powder is adapted to release reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst when the particles come into contact with a microorganism.

The present invention discloses the systems of producing calcium and magnesium carbonate from the Ca/Mg containing solution leached by a CO.sub.2-based hydrometallurgical process which includes: a precipitation reactor that the Ca/Mg containing leached solution is continuously added and fully mixed with the alkaline reagent at specific mole ratio into the precipitation reactor and the reactor also comprises a CO.sub.2 bubbling module where CO.sub.2 is captured and recirculated from the thermal decomposition process as needed; a solid-liquid separation unit that the treated slurry is treated by the solid-liquid separation unit to produce precipitated calcium and magnesium carbonate products where the recirculating water is recycled back into the precipitation reactor; a thermal decomposition unit that the calcium and magnesium carbonate products is calcined by the thermal decomposition unit to produce an alkaline reagent and the alkaline reagent is recycled back into the precipitation reactor for the next batch of reaction.

A catalyst-free synthesis method for the formation of a metalorganic compound comprising a desired (first) metal may include, for example, selecting another (second) metal and an organic solvent, with the second metal being selected to (i) be more reactive with respect to the organic solvent than the first metal and (ii) form, upon exposure of the second metal to the organic solvent, a reaction by-product that is more soluble in the organic solvent than the metalorganic compound. An alloy comprising the first metal and the second metal may be first produced (e.g., formed or otherwise obtained) and then treated with the organic solvent in a liquid phase or a vapor phase to form a mixture comprising (i) the reaction by-product comprising the second metal and (ii) the metalorganic compound comprising the first metal. The metalorganic compound may then be separated from the mixture in the form of a solid.

A catalyst-free synthesis method for the formation of a metalorganic compound comprising a desired (first) metal may include, for example, selecting another (second) metal and an organic solvent, with the second metal being selected to (i) be more reactive with respect to the organic solvent than the first metal and (ii) form, upon exposure of the second metal to the organic solvent, a reaction by-product that is more soluble in the organic solvent than the metalorganic compound. An alloy comprising the first metal and the second metal may be first produced (e.g., formed or otherwise obtained) and then treated with the organic solvent in a liquid phase or a vapor phase to form a mixture comprising (i) the reaction by-product comprising the second metal and (ii) the metalorganic compound comprising the first metal. The metalorganic compound may then be separated from the mixture in the form of a solid.

A catalyst-free synthesis method for the formation of a metalorganic compound comprising a desired (first) metal may include, for example, selecting another (second) metal and an organic solvent, with the second metal being selected to (i) be more reactive with respect to the organic solvent than the first metal and (ii) form, upon exposure of the second metal to the organic solvent, a reaction by-product that is more soluble in the organic solvent than the metalorganic compound. An alloy comprising the first metal and the second metal may be first produced (e.g., formed or otherwise obtained) and then treated with the organic solvent in a liquid phase or a vapor phase to form a mixture comprising (i) the reaction by-product comprising the second metal and (ii) the metalorganic compound comprising the first metal. The metalorganic compound may then be separated from the mixture in the form of a solid.

A catalyst-free synthesis method for the formation of a metalorganic compound comprising a desired (first) metal may include, for example, selecting another (second) metal and an organic solvent, with the second metal being selected to (i) be more reactive with respect to the organic solvent than the first metal and (ii) form, upon exposure of the second metal to the organic solvent, a reaction by-product that is more soluble in the organic solvent than the metalorganic compound. An alloy comprising the first metal and the second metal may be first produced (e.g., formed or otherwise obtained) and then treated with the organic solvent in a liquid phase or a vapor phase to form a mixture comprising (i) the reaction by-product comprising the second metal and (ii) the metalorganic compound comprising the first metal. The metalorganic compound may then be separated from the mixture in the form of a solid.

The present disclosure broadly relates to a process for recovering magnesium as magnesium oxide and fibrous amorphous silica from serpentinite feedstocks. More specifically, but not exclusively, the present disclosure relates to metallurgical and chemical processes for recovering magnesium oxide and fibrous amorphous silica from serpentinite feedstocks. The process broadly comprises applying a sufficient amount of shear deformation force to the serpentine feedstocks to produce a particulate material of reduced size; subjecting the particulate material to magnetic separation to produce a primary magnetic separation product and iron-reduced tailings; and digesting the iron-reduced tailings into nitric acid, producing a magnesium-rich pregnant solution and insoluble solids. The process further comprises adjusting the pH of the pregnant solution to values ranging from about 5.0 to about 7.0.