A method for the recovery of vanadium from a vanadium containing feed stream, the method comprising the steps of: subjecting the vanadium feed stream to a leach step, the leach step comprising contacting the vanadium feed stream with an alkaline carbonate leach solution to form a leach slurry comprising a pregnant leach solution containing vanadium and a solid residue; passing the leach slurry to a solid/liquid separation step to produce a pregnant leach solution containing vanadium; and recovering a vanadium product from the pregnant leach solution.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of low temperature co-fireable dielectric materials which can be used in conjunction with high dielectric materials to form composite structures, in particular for isolators and circulators for radiofrequency components. Embodiments of the low temperature co-fireable dielectric materials can be scheelite or garnet structures, for example, bismuth vanadate. Adhesives and/or glue is not necessary for the formation of the isolators and circulators.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of low temperature co-fireable dielectric materials which can be used in conjunction with high dielectric materials to form composite structures, in particular for isolators and circulators for radiofrequency components. Embodiments of the low temperature co-fireable dielectric materials can be scheelite or garnet structures, for example, bismuth vanadate. Adhesives and/or glue is not necessary for the formation of the isolators and circulators.

The invention provides for the orchestrated treatment of disparate fractions of a shale deposit to recover vanadium values, with distinct steps of beneficiation that together provide a combined vanadium-enriched concentrate amenable to subsequent combined steps of hydrometallurgical vanadium extraction.

The invention provides for the orchestrated treatment of disparate fractions of a shale deposit to recover vanadium values, with distinct steps of beneficiation that together provide a combined vanadium-enriched concentrate amenable to subsequent combined steps of hydrometallurgical vanadium extraction.

A CoVO.sub.x composite electrode and method of making is described. The composite electrode comprises a substrate with an average 0.5-5 μm thick layer of CoVO.sub.x having pores with average diameters of 2-200 nm. The method of making the composite electrode involves contacting the substrate with an aerosol comprising a solvent, a cobalt complex, and a vanadium complex. The CoVO.sub.x composite electrode is capable of being used in an electrochemical cell for water oxidation.

The disclosure relates to a method for preparing a 3D sponge structured carbonitride coated VSe.sub.2 composite (3D-VSe.sub.2@CN), belonging to the technical fields of electrode materials and preparation of batteries. In the disclosure, carbon, nitrogen and VSe.sub.2 are composited by using NaCl as a template so as to construct a 3D sponge structured carbonitride coated VSe.sub.2 composite. The 3D sponge structure can increase the structure stability of the material in the cyclic process, and the carbocanitride can increase the electron conductivity and activity sites of the material, so as to allow easier diffusion of potassium ions. Meanwhile, the stable structure can cause the clustering of VSe.sub.2 all the time. Thus, the prepared composite has good and stable rate capability and cycle stability. The process method is simple, low in cost, environmental-friendly, and suitable for large-scale industrial production.

The disclosure relates to a method for preparing a 3D sponge structured carbonitride coated VSe.sub.2 composite (3D-VSe.sub.2@CN), belonging to the technical fields of electrode materials and preparation of batteries. In the disclosure, carbon, nitrogen and VSe.sub.2 are composited by using NaCl as a template so as to construct a 3D sponge structured carbonitride coated VSe.sub.2 composite. The 3D sponge structure can increase the structure stability of the material in the cyclic process, and the carbocanitride can increase the electron conductivity and activity sites of the material, so as to allow easier diffusion of potassium ions. Meanwhile, the stable structure can cause the clustering of VSe.sub.2 all the time. Thus, the prepared composite has good and stable rate capability and cycle stability. The process method is simple, low in cost, environmental-friendly, and suitable for large-scale industrial production.

A lithium vanadium oxide crystal and usage thereof that can achieve further excellent electrochemical characteristics are provided. New lithium vanadium oxide crystal is a lithium vanadium oxide crystal which is Li.sub.3VO.sub.4 to which tetravalent metal species M is doped, in which the lithium vanadium oxide crystal is represented by a chemical formula of Li.sub.3+1V.sub.1−xM.sub.xO.sub.4 and includes only a single crystal structure with γ-phase as Li.sub.3VO.sub.4 under a temperature environment including normal temperature, and the tetravalent metal species M is included in a ratio of x≥0.2.

A lithium vanadium oxide crystal and usage thereof that can achieve further excellent electrochemical characteristics are provided. New lithium vanadium oxide crystal is a lithium vanadium oxide crystal which is Li.sub.3VO.sub.4 to which tetravalent metal species M is doped, in which the lithium vanadium oxide crystal is represented by a chemical formula of Li.sub.3+1V.sub.1−xM.sub.xO.sub.4 and includes only a single crystal structure with γ-phase as Li.sub.3VO.sub.4 under a temperature environment including normal temperature, and the tetravalent metal species M is included in a ratio of x≥0.2.