A laminated body includes: a porous base material containing a polyolefin-based resin as a main component; and a porous layer which is disposed on at least one surface of the porous base material and which contains a polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin, the laminated body being arranged so that: a diminution rate of diethyl carbonate dropped on the porous base material is 15 sec/mg to 21 sec/mg; a spot diameter of the diethyl carbonate 10 seconds after the diethyl carbonate was dropped on the porous base material is not less than 20 mm; and the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin containing crystal form in an amount of not less than 36 mol % with respect to 100 mol % of a total amount of the crystal form and crystal form contained in the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery separator made of the laminated body is not easily curled.

A near-infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion body, a near-infrared shielding body, and a near-infrared shielding laminated structure containing composite tungsten oxide that exhibits more excellent near-infrared shielding function than that of a conventional near-infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion body, near-infrared shielding body, and near-infrared shielding laminated structure, and a method for producing the same. Also, a near-infrared shielding material fine particle dispersion body in which near-infrared shielding material fine particles are dispersed in a solid medium. The near-infrared shielding material fine particles are composite tungsten oxide fine particles containing a hexagonal crystal structure, in which a lattice constant of the composite tungsten oxide fine particles is 7.3850 or more and 7.4186 or less on the a-axis, and 7.5600 or more and 7.6240 or less on the c-axis, and a particle size of the near-infrared shielding material fine particles is 100 nm or less.

Process for preparing alumina gel in a single precipitation step consisting of dissolving an aluminium precursor, aluminium chloride, in water, at a temperature of 10 C. to 90 C. such that the pH of the solution is from 0.5 to 5, for a period of 2 to 60 minutes, then adjusting the pH to 7.5 to 9.5 by adding a basic precursor, sodium hydroxide, to the solution obtained to obtain a suspension, at a temperature of 5 C. to 35 C., and for 5 minutes to 5 hours, followed by a filtration step, said process not comprising any washing steps. Also, novel alumina gel having a high dispersibility index, in particular a dispersibility index of more than 80%, a crystallite dimension of 0.5 to 10 nm, a chlorine content of 0.001% to 2% by weight and a sodium content of 0.001% to 2% by weight, the percentages by weight being expressed with respect to the total weight of the alumina gel.

The teachings herein are directed at a lithium secondary battery negative electrode active material consisting of a Sn Sb based sulfide that delivers a high electrode capacity density, excellent output characteristics, and excellent cycle life characteristics and also provide a method for manufacturing the lithium secondary battery negative electrode active material, said method being capable of easily manufacturing the high performance lithium secondary battery negative electrode active material at low cost without requiring a high-temperature processing step and special facilities as required in a glass melting method. The negative electrode active material preferably is prepared using a method that includes a step of obtaining a Sn Sb based sulfide precipitate by adding an alkali metal sulfide to a mixed solution of a tin halide and an antimony halide.

Described is a fuel cell comprising an electrode catalyst assembly, and a two-dimensional (2D) amorphous carbon, wherein the 2D amorphous carbon has a crystallinity (C)?0.8.

The present disclosure relates to a process for the synthesis of highly crystalline carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Processes known in the art employ post-synthesis processes such as oxidation or hydrothermal treatment to produce CNTs with high crystallinity. The present disclosure produces highly crystalline CNTs at a low growth temperature and without hydrogen flow condition and without employing any post-production process. The process disclosed in the present disclosure produces CNTs having a crystallinity greater than 5 which makes them suitable for various industrial applications.

Described is a composite material composed of an atomically thin (single layer) amorphous carbon disposed on top of a substrate (metal, glass, oxides) and methods of growing and differentiating stem cells.

A positive electrode active material, including a first positive electrode active material including secondary particles including a lithium nickel-cobalt-aluminum composite oxide, wherein the secondary particles include an agglomeration of a plurality of primary particles and at least a portion of the plurality of primary particles are oriented radially, and a coating layer on a surface of the secondary particles, the coating layer including ZrO.sub.2 and Li.sub.6Zr.sub.2O.sub.7; and a second positive electrode active material including secondary particles including a lithium nickel-cobalt-aluminum-manganese composite oxide, wherein the secondary particles include an agglomeration of a plurality of primary particles, and a coating layer on a surface of the secondary particles, the coating layer including ZrO.sub.2 and Li.sub.6Zr.sub.2O.sub.7, wherein an average particle diameter of the secondary particles of the first positive electrode active material is larger than an average particle diameter of the secondary particles of the second positive electrode active material.

This disclosure provides methods and materials related to boron nitride aerogels. For example, one aspect relates to a method for making an aerogel comprising boron nitride, comprising: (a) providing boron oxide and an aerogel comprising carbon; (b) heating the boron oxide to melt the boron oxide and heating the aerogel; (c) mixing a nitrogen-containing gas with boron oxide vapor from molten boron oxide; and (d) converting at least a portion of the carbon to boron nitride to obtain the aerogel comprising boron nitride. Another aspect relates to a method for making an aerogel comprising boron nitride, comprising heating boron oxide and an aerogel comprising carbon under flow of a nitrogen-containing gas, wherein boron oxide vapor and the nitrogen-containing gas convert at least a portion of the carbon to boron nitride to obtain the aerogel comprising boron nitride.

This disclosure provides methods and materials related to boron nitride aerogels. For example, one aspect relates to a method for making an aerogel comprising boron nitride, comprising: (a) providing boron oxide and an aerogel comprising carbon; (b) heating the boron oxide to melt the boron oxide and heating the aerogel; (c) mixing a nitrogen-containing gas with boron oxide vapor from molten boron oxide; and (d) converting at least a portion of the carbon to boron nitride to obtain the aerogel comprising boron nitride. Another aspect relates to a method for making an aerogel comprising boron nitride, comprising heating boron oxide and an aerogel comprising carbon under flow of a nitrogen-containing gas, wherein boron oxide vapor and the nitrogen-containing gas convert at least a portion of the carbon to boron nitride to obtain the aerogel comprising boron nitride.