A hydrogen gas production method includes a light irradiation step of applying light to a surface of a metal material immersed in water to produce gas containing hydrogen. In this hydrogen gas production method, the metal material contains iron, in the spectrum of the light, a wavelength at which the intensity is maximum is not less than 360 nm and less than 620 nm, and as the gas is produced, at least one of iron oxide and iron hydroxide is formed on the surface.

Described herein are zirconium oxychloride clusters comprising zirconium oxychloride and a basic amino acid. Oral care compositions comprising the same; and methods of making and using the same are also described.

Described herein are zirconium oxychloride clusters comprising zirconium oxychloride and a basic amino acid. Oral care compositions comprising the same; and methods of making and using the same are also described.

An adduct consists of derivatives of serinol pyrrole and of carbon allotropes in which the carbon is sp.sup.2 hybridized, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene or nano-graphites or carbon black, in order to improve the chemical-physical properties of the allotropes increasing above all their dispersibility and stability in liquid media and in polymer matrices, and a process for preparation of the adduct.

A composition comprising an aluminum chlorohydrate salt, the aluminum chlorohydrate salt having at least 50 mole % Al.sub.30 polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation of all polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cations detectable by quantitative .sup.27Al NMR within the aluminum chlorohydrate salt, and a buffer. The composition can optionally include zirconium. Also disclosed are a method of making an aluminum salt using an increased molar concentration of a starting aluminum salt with a buffer, a method of reducing perspiration with the aluminum chlorohydrate salt, and a method of treating water with the aluminum chlorohydrate salt.

Provided is a method for producing a positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, the method including: a mixing step of obtaining a W-containing mixture of Li metal composite oxide particles represented by the formula: Li.sub.zNi.sub.1-x-yCO.sub.xM.sub.yO.sub.2 and composed of primary particles and secondary particles formed by aggregation of the primary particles, 2 mass % or more of water with respect to the oxide particles, and a W compound or a W compound and a Li compound, the W-containing mixture having a molar ratio of the total amount of Li contained in water and the solid W compound or the W compound and the Li compound of 3 to 5 with respect to the amount of W contained therein; and a heat treatment step of heating the W-containing mixture to form lithium tungstate on the surface of the primary particles of the Li metal composite oxide particles.

Provided is a method for producing a positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, the method including: a mixing step of obtaining a W-containing mixture of Li-metal composite oxide particles represented by the formula: Li.sub.zNi.sub.1-x-yCo.sub.xM.sub.yO.sub.2 and composed of primary particles and secondary particles formed by aggregation of the primary particles, 2 mass % or more of water with respect to the oxide particles, and a W compound or a W compound and a Li compound, the W-containing mixture having a molar ratio of the total amount of Li contained in the water and the solid W compound, or the W compound and the Li compound of 1.5 or more and less than 3.0 with respect to the amount of W contained therein; and a heat treatment step of heating the W-containing mixture to form lithium tungstate on the surface of the primary particles.

The present invention relates to a bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide alkali metal salt (MFSI) having decomposition stability for lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF.sub.6) and a manufacturing method therefor.

Activated aluminum sesquichlorohydrate (AASCH) powders prepared by (a) diluting the concentrated aluminum sesquichlorohydrate (ASCH) solution to from about 10% to about 25% by weight, (b) heating the diluted solution to obtain a Band III polymer concentration of at least about 20% and a Band IV polymer concentration of at least about 15%, (c) drying the heated solution to powders, and (d) optionally screen or light mill the powders to free flowing spherical particles are disclosed.

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel complex having at least two carbon-carbon double bonds and/or carbon-carbon triple bonds. The present invention provides a complex represented by a structural formula (2):

##STR00001##

[In the structural formula (2), M.sup.1 to M.sup.4 are identical to or different from each other and represent a metal atom, R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 are identical to or different from each other and represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms or an alkynyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and at least two of R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 are the alkenyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms or the alkynyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms.].