The invention relates to the proppants and proppant substrates treated with active compounds that reduce the presence of contaminants in fluids, methods of using those materials, as well as methods of making those materials. The invention further provides that the contaminated fluids are associated with wells, including oil and gas wells.

A process is described for treating water, in particular for obtaining ultrapure water, in which a decationized water stream is passed at least through a first strong base anion exchange bed and a second strong base anion exchange bed, which is arranged downstream, in particular directly downstream, of the first strong base anion exchange bed. Furthermore, a water treatment system and a counter-current ion exchange unit for carrying out such a process are described.

According to present disclosure, there is disclosed an algae growth and cultivation system that provides a cost-efficient means of producing algae biomass as feedstock for algae-based products, such as, biofuel manufacture, and desirably impacts alternative/renewable energy production, nutrient recovery from waste streams, and valued byproducts production. The system as discussed herein is an integrated systems approach to wastewater treatment, algal strains selection for byproducts production, and recycle of algal-oil extraction waste or additional algae harvested as feedstock for fertilizer production. Embodiments of a system as discussed herein present an economically viable algae production system and process that allows algae-derived products such as biofuels, fertilizer, etc. to compete with petroleum products in the marketplace.

Provided are systems and methods for treating wastewater with a continuous-process mobile station. The mobile station may include one or more mobile units configured to receive a feed of wastewater. The one or more mobile units may include: a mobile ozonation unit configured to treat the received feed of wastewater with ozone gas to breakdown impurities in the wastewater, a pH control unit may be configured to raise pH of the treated wastewater, a mobile electrocoagulation unit configured to separate solids and metals from the treated wastewater, a mobile flocculation unit configured to cause suspended particles to form flocs and to remove the flocs from the received treated water.

A resin is provided for selectively binding to perchloride and related anions (e.g., TcO.sub.4.sup.−, ReO.sub.4.sup.− and I.sup.−) in aqueous solution. The resin may take the form of microparticles or beads. The beads are prepared by cross-linking macromolecules such as hyperbranched PEI, and quaternizing the amines with hydrocarbon substituents.

An integrated boron removal and flocculation process for treating fracturing wastewater is disclosed. The process comprises: adjusting the pH of the fracturing flowback liquid to be treated to become alkaline and adding thereto an oxidant to carry out a reaction for a certain time period, so that the state of the boron present in the liquid is changed; and then adding a barium salt to the resulting reaction mixture to carry out a further reaction between the barium salt and the boron in the changed state to produce a precipitate. The stability of the flowback liquid is deteriorated by the addition of the oxidant. Suspended solids in the flowback liquid can be removed through adsorption, wrapping, and then settling by the action of the precipitate (a barium salt). The process integrates boron removal and flocculation and enables a boron removal rate of 80% or greater. The contents of the suspended solids and oil present in the fracturing flowback liquid after filtration each can be lowered to less than 5.0 mg/L.

A system and method for water purification by capture of contaminants in an aqueous mixture is described herein. A system and method for regenerating the capture system is also described. An integrated capture and regeneration system and method is also described including a separation vessel that houses a capture bed and an electrode in electrical contact with the bed and a power source for applying a voltage to the electrode. The applied voltage enhances capture of the contaminant from aqueous liquid on the capture bed and modulation of the applied voltage enhances release of contaminant on the capture bed into aqueous wash liquid to regenerate the bed. The aqueous wash liquid may contain a counter ion that binds to the contaminant forming an aggregate contaminant phase that separates from the aqueous wash liquid.

Disclosed are systems and processes for the removal and conversion of pollutants in water. A system includes a set of electrodes with at least one electrode having an integrated catalyst material. The system is operatable in a first, electrodialysis mode in which one or more pollutants are separated from a feedwater stream, and a second electrolysis mode in which the separated pollutant(s) are catalytically converted into benign products by way of the catalyst material of the electrode. Electrodialysis and electrolysis are therefore carried out using the same unit.

A method for efficiently treating boron from water to be treated, an apparatus for producing pure water, and a method for producing pure water. An apparatus for removing boron includes a low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane apparatus to which is supplied water to be treated, a pH adjustment apparatus to adjust a pH of permeated water from the low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane apparatus to 5.0 to 9.0, a high-pressure reverse osmosis membrane apparatus to which is supplied the water adjusted by the pH adjustment apparatus, and an electrodeionization to which is supplied permeated water from the high-pressure reverse osmosis membrane apparatus.

A management method of a system for producing an ultrapure water, the system including a boron removal tower including an accommodation space through which water to be processed passes and a boron adsorption resin filling the accommodation space of the boron removal tower, and the boron removal tower including a plurality of sample ports through which a plurality of sample waters to be processed passing through portions having different heights of the boron adsorption resin, are respectively discharged, and determining a replacement cycle of the boron adsorption resin by increasing a passing flow rate of the boron removal tower.