The invention relates to a passivated contact type solar cell and a method for its manufacture. The method comprises the steps of: (i) preparing a substrate comprising: a first semiconductor layer, a tunnel oxide layer on the first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer on the tunnel oxide layer, a first insulating layer on the second semiconductor layer, and a third semiconductor layer on the first semiconductor layer at the other side of the tunnel oxide layer, wherein the second semiconductor layer is 0.2 to 400 nm thick, wherein the first insulating layer comprises one or more openings; (ii) applying a conductive paste in the openings of the first insulating layer, the conductive paste comprising, (a) a conductive powder comprising silver (Ag) and palladium (Pd), (b) a glass frit, and (c) an organic vehicle; and (iii) firing the applied conductive paste to form an electrode. The glass frit may comprise 30 to 90 wt. % of at least one of PbO or Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, 1 to 50 wt. % of B.sub.2O.sub.3, 0.1 to 30 wt. % of SiO.sub.2, and 0.1 to 20 wt. % of Al.sub.2O.sub.3.

Discussed is a paste composition for an electrode of a solar cell, the paste including a conductive powder, an organic vehicle, and an inorganic composition formed by including a plurality of metal compounds including a gallium compound including gallium as a component of a main network former of the inorganic composition.

There is disclosed a heat-insulating member including a pair of substrates and an airtight sealing part, in which the airtight sealing part is formed in an outer peripheral part between the pair of substrates to form a space between the pair of substrates, the space being in a vacuum or reduced pressure state, a sealing material that forms the airtight sealing part includes a low-melting glass, and the low-melting glass contains a vanadium oxide, barium oxide, phosphorus oxide, and tungsten oxide, in which the following two relational expressions are satisfied in terms of oxide contents: V.sub.2O.sub.5+BaO+P.sub.2O.sub.5+WO.sub.390 and V.sub.2O.sub.5>BaO>P.sub.2O.sub.5>WO.sub.3 (wherein unit: mol %). Thereby, influence on environmental impact can be reduced and maintenance of airtightness and an improvement in acid resistance can be achieved.

A light emitting device includes a light emitting diode (LED); a transparent optic having a refractive index n.sub.optic; and a phosphor layer spaced apart from the LED and positioned between the LED and the transparent optic. The phosphor layer has an effective refractive index n.sub.phosphor, where a gap between the LED and the phosphor layer has a refractive index n.sub.gap that is less than n.sub.phosphor. The transparent optic has an inner convex surface in contact with the phosphor layer. The inner convex surface has an inner radius of curvature r; and an outer convex surface facing away from the phosphor layer and being a surface through which the light emitting device emits light into a medium adjacent the outer convex surface. The medium has a refractive index n.sub.medium. The outer convex surface has an outer radius of curvature R, such that r/R is equal to n.sub.medium/n.sub.optic.

The invention relates to a method for producing a coated, chemically prestressed glass substrate having anti-fingerprint properties. The method includes: applying at least one functional layer to a glass substrate; chemically prestressing the coated glass substrate by an ion exchange, where existing smaller alkali metal ions are exchanged for larger alkali metal ions, and are enriched in the glass substrate and the at least one functional layer; activating the surface of the at least one functional layer, where if more than one functional layer is present the surface of the outermost or uppermost layer is activated, the activating including one of several alternatives; and applying an amphiphobic coating to the at least one functional layer of the glass substrate, where, as a result of the activation process, the functional layer interacts with the amphiphobic coating.

A light emitting device includes a light emitting diode (LED); a transparent optic having a refractive index n.sub.optic; and a phosphor layer spaced apart from the LED and positioned between the LED and the transparent optic. The phosphor layer has an effective refractive index n.sub.phosphor, where a gap between the LED and the phosphor layer has a refractive index n.sub.gap that is less than n.sub.phosphor. The transparent optic has an inner convex surface in contact with the phosphor layer. The inner convex surface has an inner radius of curvature r; and an outer convex surface facing away from the phosphor layer and being a surface through which the light emitting device emits light into a medium adjacent the outer convex surface. The medium has a refractive index n.sub.medium. The outer convex surface has an outer radius of curvature R, such that r/R is equal to n.sub.medium/n.sub.optic.

The present invention relates to a paste composition for forming a solar cell front electrode, a solar cell front electrode formed by using the composition, and a solar cell including the front electrode.

Specifically, the paste composition includes conductive powder; an inorganic additive; and an organic vehicle, wherein the conductive powder is a metal powder including a mixture of silver (Ag) powder and aluminum (Al) powder, and the inorganic additive includes a lead (Pb)-zinc (Zn)-boron (B)-silicon (Si)-tungsten (W)-based glass frit.