A method of pre-treating plastic using plasms is disclosed. The plasma is applied to plastic in an atmosphere such as oxygen that encourages formation of functional groups on an otherwise inert plastic surface. The functional groups such as hydrogen group, carboxyl group, and formyl group are introduced on the surface of the recycled plastics. This allows the use of plastic to replace part of the sand aggregate in mortar, resulting in a more environmentally friendly mortar.

The present invention relates to an admixture composition for the production of lightweight concretes containing polystyrene beads, which comprises a mixture of organic and inorganic substances which consists of the reaction products of polyurethane resin, tetraethyl orthosilicate, a glycol compound, an aromatic vinyl compound containing an unsaturated double bond, preferably styrene, and an inorganic silicate compound and preferably comprises the following components: glycol copolymer type compounds, in an amount of 15-10 w/w %, glycol polymer-silica type compounds, in an amount of 45-50 w/w %, polyurethane-based resin, in an amount of 13-22 w/w % polystyrene in an amount of 2-3% w/w %, and foam glass beads in an amount of 25-15 w/w %, and a) for the production of a liquid product, based on the total mass of the above composition, organic solvents in an amount of 15-20 w/w %, and water in an amount of 10-5 w/w %; or b) for the production of a solid preparation, based on the total mass of the above composition, polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl alcohol in an amount of 10-5 w/w %; aluminium hydroxide in an amount of 2-5 w/w %, and calcined limestone powder in an amount of 8-10 w/w %. The invention also relates to the production and use of the above admixture composition.

The present invention relates to an admixture composition for the production of lightweight concretes containing polystyrene beads, which comprises a mixture of organic and inorganic substances which consists of the reaction products of polyurethane resin, tetraethyl orthosilicate, a glycol compound, an aromatic vinyl compound containing an unsaturated double bond, preferably styrene, and an inorganic silicate compound and preferably comprises the following components: glycol copolymer type compounds, in an amount of 15-10 w/w %, glycol polymer-silica type compounds, in an amount of 45-50 w/w %, polyurethane-based resin, in an amount of 13-22 w/w % polystyrene in an amount of 2-3% w/w %, and foam glass beads in an amount of 25-15 w/w %, and a) for the production of a liquid product, based on the total mass of the above composition, organic solvents in an amount of 15-20 w/w %, and water in an amount of 10-5 w/w %; or b) for the production of a solid preparation, based on the total mass of the above composition, polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl alcohol in an amount of 10-5 w/w %; aluminium hydroxide in an amount of 2-5 w/w %, and calcined limestone powder in an amount of 8-10 w/w %. The invention also relates to the production and use of the above admixture composition.

Various aspects relate to binder compositions including a bio-based component and pre-blends for forming the same. A binder composition includes an oligomerized biorenewable oil that is at least 10 wt % of the binder composition. The binder composition also includes an Asphaltene Additive comprising at least 20 wt % to 100 wt % asphaltenes, wherein the Asphaltene Additive is at least 8 wt % of the binder composition.

Various aspects relate to binder compositions including a bio-based component and pre-blends for forming the same. A binder composition includes an oligomerized biorenewable oil that is at least 10 wt % of the binder composition. The binder composition also includes an Asphaltene Additive comprising at least 20 wt % to 100 wt % asphaltenes, wherein the Asphaltene Additive is at least 8 wt % of the binder composition.

A system for forming a coating on a substrate is provided. The system includes a first mix having a cement, a filler, a defoamer, a cement retarder, a dispersing agent, or any combination thereof. The system additionally includes a second mix having a fatty acid derivative, a synthetic resin, one or more organosilicon compounds, a pigment, a thickener, or any combination thereof. A coating composition is formed by mixing the first and second mix together. Lastly, the system includes a spraying apparatus that applies a wet film to the substrate wherein the cured coating does not yield to wet-rubs and does not stain (effloresce) with cold distilled water.

A system for forming a coating on a substrate is provided. The system includes a first mix having a cement, a filler, a defoamer, a cement retarder, a dispersing agent, or any combination thereof. The system additionally includes a second mix having a fatty acid derivative, a synthetic resin, one or more organosilicon compounds, a pigment, a thickener, or any combination thereof. A coating composition is formed by mixing the first and second mix together. Lastly, the system includes a spraying apparatus that applies a wet film to the substrate wherein the cured coating does not yield to wet-rubs and does not stain (effloresce) with cold distilled water.

Embodiments may include a coated granule for roofing systems. The coated granule may include an aluminum silicate granule and a coating disposed on the aluminum silicate granule. The coating may include a copolymer and a siloxane-based or a silane-based compound. The copolymer may be a cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer. The aluminum silicate granule may have a particle size in a range from 0.2 mm to 2.4 mm. The aluminum silicate granule may have a 65% or greater reflectivity. The coated granule may repel oil and maintain its reflectivity better than with other techniques.

Embodiments may include a coated granule for roofing systems. The coated granule may include an aluminum silicate granule and a coating disposed on the aluminum silicate granule. The coating may include a copolymer and a siloxane-based or a silane-based compound. The copolymer may be a cationic fluorinated (meth)acrylic copolymer. The aluminum silicate granule may have a particle size in a range from 0.2 mm to 2.4 mm. The aluminum silicate granule may have a 65% or greater reflectivity. The coated granule may repel oil and maintain its reflectivity better than with other techniques.

The present invention provides a bidirectional energy-transfer system comprising: a thermally and/or electrically conductive concrete, disposed in a structural object; a location of energy supply or demand that is physically isolated from, but in thermodynamic and/or electromagnetic communication with, the thermally and/or electrically conductive concrete; and a means of transferring energy between the structural object and the location of energy supply or demand. The system can be a single node in a neural network. The thermally and/or electrically conductive concrete includes a conductive, shock-absorbing material, such as graphite. Preferred compositions are disclosed for the thermally and/or electrically conductive concrete. The bidirectional energy-transfer system may be present in a solar-energy collection system, a grade beam, an indoor radiant flooring system, a structural wall or ceiling, a bridge, a roadway, a driveway, a parking lot, a commercial aviation runway, a military runway, a grain silo, or pavers, for example.