Provided is a ferrite sintered magnet including: magnetoplumbite type ferrite crystal grains; and a two-grain boundary interposed between the ferrite crystal grains. The two-grain boundary contains Ca and La, and an atomic ratio Ca/La at the two-grain boundary is 0.3 to 3.0.

The present invention relates to a method of printing a composite material (1), for example polymeric, carbonaceous, siliconic or metallic comprising steps of: i) providing a plurality of bundles (2) of reinforcement fibres (4), wherein the reinforcement fibres (4) have a length in the range 3-50 mm and are in the number of about 1,000-100,000 in each bundle (2); ii) aligning the bundles (2) along a predetermined path (X, X′); iii) incorporating at least part of the bundles (2) into a matrix (6, 8), for example polymeric, carbonaceous, siliconic or metallic, preserving the alignment along said path (X, X′); iv) laying and solidifying at least one layer (8) of the matrix (6, 8) of step iii) to make the composite material (1).

Novel methods of fabricating porous structures (e.g., nanostructures) and resulting structures are disclosed. The novel methods use precision optics to cure a slurry made from one or more powders mixed with photopolymers. Pore size control preferably is achieved by controlling the powder size and powder loading in the slurry. As the disclosed methods are based on optics to control the thickness preferably without any mechanical movements, extreme tight thickness tolerance, as well as control of the profile structure, may be achieved. The novel disclosed methods are highly-cost effective with shorter manufacturing cycle time compared to conventional methods. Moreover, a supporting substrate may not be required as the resultant structure made by the novel fabrication techniques disclosed herein has enough strength to be free-standing.

There is provided a ferrite sintered magnet having a high residual magnetic flux density. A ferrite sintered magnet 2 includes a plurality of main phase particles 5 including ferrite having a hexagonal structure, the number of core-shell structured particles 5A having a core 7 and a shell 9 covering the core 7, among the main phase particles 5, is smaller than the number of the main phase particles 5 other than the core-shell structured particles 5A.

A ferrite sintered magnet has a ferrite phase having a magnetoplumbite-type crystal structure, and contains at least a metal element A, a metal element R, Fe, Co, Zn, and B. The element A is at least one kind of element selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ba, Ca, and Pb, and essentially includes Ca. The element R is at least one kind of element selected from the group consisting of Bi and rare-earth elements including Y, and essentially includes La. Atomic ratios of the metal elements satisfy the following expressions.

A.sub.1-rR.sub.rFe.sub.xCo.sub.yZn.sub.z  (1)

0.40≤r≤0.70  (2)

8.20≤x≤9.34  (3)

0.05<y≤0.50  (4)

0<z≤0.20  (5)

The content of Si is 0 to 0.60% by mass in terms of SiO.sub.2, and the content of B is 0.01 to 0.70% by mass in terms of B.sub.2O.sub.3.

Provided is a ferrite sintered magnet including a ferrite phase having a magnetoplumbite-type crystal structure. x, y, and m satisfy the following Equations (1), (2), and (3) when composition of the ferrite sintered magnet is represented by R.sub.1-xA.sub.xFe.sub.m-yCo.sub.y, where R denotes at least one kind of element selected from rare earth elements including Y and A denotes Ca or Ca and elements including at least one kind selected from Sr or Ba. The content of B in the ferrite sintered magnet is from 0.1% to 0.6% by mass in terms of B.sub.2O.sub.3.

0.2≤x≤0.8  (1)

0.1≤y≤0.65  (2)

3≤m≤14  (3)

A sintered ferrite magnet having a composition of metal elements of Ca, R, A, Fe and Co, which is represented by the general formula of Ca.sub.1−x−yR.sub.xA.sub.yFe.sub.2n−zCo.sub.z, wherein R is at least one of rare earth elements indispensably including La; A is Sr and/or Ba; x, y, z and n represent the atomic ratios of Ca, R, A, Fe and Co; 2n represents a molar ratio expressed by 2n=(Fe+Co)/(Ca+R+A); and x, y, z and n meet the conditions of 0.15≤x≤0.35, 0.05≤y≤0.40, (1−x−y)>y, 0<z≤0.18, and 7.5≤(2n−z)<11.0.

Provided is a ferrite sintered magnet including a ferrite phase having a magnetoplumbite-type crystal structure. x, y, and m satisfy the following Equations (1), (2), and (3) when composition of the ferrite sintered magnet is represented by R.sub.1-xA.sub.xFe.sub.m-yCo.sub.y, where R denotes at least one kind of element selected from rare earth elements including Y and A denotes Ca or Ca and elements including at least one kind selected from Sr or Ba. The content of B in the ferrite sintered magnet is from 0.1% to 0.6% by mass in terms of B.sub.2O.sub.3.
0.2≤x≤0.8  (1)
0.1≤y≤0.65  (2)
3≤m<14  (3)

Provided is a ferrite sintered magnet including a main phase formed of ferrite having a hexagonal magnetoplumbite type crystalline structure, in which the main phase contains Fe and Co, and the ferrite sintered magnet contains CaB.sub.2O.sub.4. CaB.sub.2O.sub.4 is contained in a heterophase that is a crystalline phase different from the main phase, and an area ratio of CaB.sub.2O.sub.4 to the entire cross-sectional surface of a sintered magnet, is less than or equal to 2%.

This ferrite sintered magnet comprises metallic elements at an atomic ratio represented by formula (1):
Ca.sub.1-w-xR.sub.wSr.sub.xFe.sub.zCo.sub.m  (1) in formula (1), R is at least one element selected from the group consisting of rare-earth elements and Bi, and R comprises at least La, in formula (1), w, x, z and m satisfy formulae (2) to (5):
0.360≤w≤0.420  (2)
0.110≤x≤0.173  (3)
8.51≤z≤9.71  (4)
0.208≤m≤0.269  (5), and in a section parallel to an axis of easy magnetization, when the number of total ferrite grains is N and the number of ferrite grains having a stacking fault is n, 0≤n/N≤0.20 is satisfied.