The invention relates to a method for producing a raw material for the production of refractory ceramic products, a raw material produced by said method, and a raw material for producing refractory ceramic products.

The invention relates to a method for producing a raw material for the production of refractory ceramic products, a raw material produced by said method, and a raw material for producing refractory ceramic products.

The present invention relates to a dry refractory particulate composition comprising a zeolithic microstructure, to a green body and to a refractory lining formed therefrom, and to uses thereof.

A process for preparing a refractory brick, comprises: mixing a refractory aggregate and a binder composition to obtain a refractory mixture wherein the binder composition comprises:

(a) carbohydrate reactant(s) comprising reducing sugar(s) or carbohydrate reactant(s) that yield reducing sugar(s) in situ under thermal conditions and nitrogen-containing reactant(s) and/or

(b) curable reaction product(s) of reducing sugar(s) and nitrogen-containing reactant(s) pressing the refractory mixture to obtain a moulded refractory brick; and firing the moulded refractory brick.

A process for preparing a refractory brick, comprises: mixing a refractory aggregate and a binder composition to obtain a refractory mixture wherein the binder composition comprises:

(a) carbohydrate reactant(s) comprising reducing sugar(s) or carbohydrate reactant(s) that yield reducing sugar(s) in situ under thermal conditions and nitrogen-containing reactant(s) and/or

(b) curable reaction product(s) of reducing sugar(s) and nitrogen-containing reactant(s) pressing the refractory mixture to obtain a moulded refractory brick; and firing the moulded refractory brick.

A hard mask film 2 provided on substrate 1 is formed by tin-containing chromium-containing material. In the chromium-containing material including tin, which forms the hard mask film 2, the etching resistance to fluorine-containing dry etching is equal to or higher than the etching resistance of the tin-free chromium-containing material, and it shows a significantly high etching rate as compared with a chromium-containing material free of tin under conditions for chlorine-containing dry etching. As a result, the time for chlorine-containing dry etching is shortened, and damage to a resist pattern is reduced. Thus, high-precision pattern transfer can be performed. The present invention provides a novel technique for increasing etching process-ability by increasing a dry-etching rate of a hard mask film made of a chromium-containing material while assuring a hard mask function of the hard mask film.

An alkaline-activated binder system for fire concretes includes at least one mineral binder and a mineral activator which, in a mixture with water, form a curing geopolymer, where a combination of at least two magnesium components (Mg components) which give an alkaline reaction with water and react with the binder at different times to form a geopolymer is present as activator, where the magnesium components have a different reactivity in respect of atmospheric moisture and/or in respect of the binder. A dry fire concrete mix contains the binder system and the mix may be used in, for example, facilities in the steel industry.

An alkaline-activated binder system for fire concretes includes at least one mineral binder and a mineral activator which, in a mixture with water, form a curing geopolymer, where a combination of at least two magnesium components (Mg components) which give an alkaline reaction with water and react with the binder at different times to form a geopolymer is present as activator, where the magnesium components have a different reactivity in respect of atmospheric moisture and/or in respect of the binder. A dry fire concrete mix contains the binder system and the mix may be used in, for example, facilities in the steel industry.

The invention relates to a method for producing a raw material for the production of refractory ceramic products, a raw material produced by said method, and a raw material for producing refractory ceramic products.

The invention concerns a batch for manufacturing a refractory ceramic product, a method for applying a gunning mass or casting mass to a surface, a method for manufacturing a refractory ceramic product, a refractory ceramic product as well as the use of a batch.