In accordance with the purpose(s) of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein, the disclosure relates to a method for producing C.sub.4 olefins from acetylene using supported metal-based catalysts and metal-based promoters. The method is inexpensive, efficient, and environmentally sound. Additionally, the method is selective for C.sub.4 olefins and other value-added products based on changes to reaction parameters including temperature, feed gas composition, and promoter identity. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

The invention relates to a process for the production of 1,3-butadiene from a feed comprising ethanol and acetaldehyde in the presence of a supported tantalum catalyst obtainable by aqueous impregnation of the support with a water-soluble tantalum precursor. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process for the production of a supported tantalum catalyst, and the supported tantalum catalyst. Finally, the invention relates to the use of the supported tantalum catalyst for the production of 1,3-butadiene from a feed comprising ethanol and acetaldehyde to increase one or both of selectivity and yield of the reaction.

The invention relates to a process for the production of 1,3-butadiene from a feed comprising ethanol and acetaldehyde in the presence of a supported tantalum catalyst obtainable by aqueous impregnation of the support with a water-soluble tantalum precursor. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process for the production of a supported tantalum catalyst, and the supported tantalum catalyst. Finally, the invention relates to the use of the supported tantalum catalyst for the production of 1,3-butadiene from a feed comprising ethanol and acetaldehyde to increase one or both of selectivity and yield of the reaction.

The present invention relates to a process for producing a diene, preferably a conjugated diene, more preferably 1,3-butadiene, comprising the dehydration of at least one alkenol having a number of carbon atoms greater than or equal to 4, in the presence of a catalytic material comprising at least one crystalline metalosilicate in acid form, preferably a macroporous zeolite, more preferably a zeolite with a FAU, BEA or MTW structure. Preferably, said alkenol having a number of carbon atoms greater than or equal to 4 may be obbtained directly through biosynthetic processes, or through catalytic dehydration processes of at least one diol. When said alkenol is a butenol, said diol is preferably a butanediol, more preferably 1,3-butanediol, even more preferably bio-1,3-butanediol, i.e. 1,3-butanediol deriving from biosynthetic processes. When said alkenol is 1,3-butanediol, or bio-1,3-butanediol, the diene obtained with the process according to the present invention is, respectively, 1,3-butadiene, or bio-1,3-butadiene.

The present invention relates to a process for producing a diene, preferably a conjugated diene, more preferably 1,3-butadiene, comprising the dehydration of at least one alkenol having a number of carbon atoms greater than or equal to 4, in the presence of a catalytic material comprising at least one crystalline metalosilicate in acid form, preferably a macroporous zeolite, more preferably a zeolite with a FAU, BEA or MTW structure. Preferably, said alkenol having a number of carbon atoms greater than or equal to 4 may be obbtained directly through biosynthetic processes, or through catalytic dehydration processes of at least one diol. When said alkenol is a butenol, said diol is preferably a butanediol, more preferably 1,3-butanediol, even more preferably bio-1,3-butanediol, i.e. 1,3-butanediol deriving from biosynthetic processes. When said alkenol is 1,3-butanediol, or bio-1,3-butanediol, the diene obtained with the process according to the present invention is, respectively, 1,3-butadiene, or bio-1,3-butadiene.

The present invention relates to a process for producing a diene, preferably a conjugated diene, more preferably 1,3-butadiene, comprising the dehydration of at least one alkenol having a number of carbon atoms greater than or equal to 4, in the presence of a catalytic material comprising at least one crystalline metalosilicate in acid form, preferably a macroporous zeolite, more preferably a zeolite with a FAU, BEA or MTW structure. Preferably, said alkenol having a number of carbon atoms greater than or equal to 4 may be obbtained directly through biosynthetic processes, or through catalytic dehydration processes of at least one diol. When said alkenol is a butenol, said diol is preferably a butanediol, more preferably 1,3-butanediol, even more preferably bio-1,3-butanediol, i.e. 1,3-butanediol deriving from biosynthetic processes. When said alkenol is 1,3-butanediol, or bio-1,3-butanediol, the diene obtained with the process according to the present invention is, respectively, 1,3-butadiene, or bio-1,3-butadiene.

Provided is a technology for efficiently manufacturing 1,3-butadiene from 1,4-butanediol or 3-buten-1-ol in a reaction condition with a high conversion rate. A catalyst for manufacturing 1,3-butadiene, contains: ytterbium oxide as an active component for generating 1,3-butadiene from 1,4-butanediol or 3-buten-1-ol. In addition, a manufacturing method of 1,3-butadiene, includes: a step of obtaining a fluid containing 1,3-butadiene by bringing at least one of 1,4-butanediol and 3-buten-1-ol into contact with the catalyst for manufacturing 1,3-butadiene.

Provided is a technology for efficiently manufacturing 1,3-butadiene from 1,4-butanediol or 3-buten-1-ol in a reaction condition with a high conversion rate. A catalyst for manufacturing 1,3-butadiene, contains: ytterbium oxide as an active component for generating 1,3-butadiene from 1,4-butanediol or 3-buten-1-ol. In addition, a manufacturing method of 1,3-butadiene, includes: a step of obtaining a fluid containing 1,3-butadiene by bringing at least one of 1,4-butanediol and 3-buten-1-ol into contact with the catalyst for manufacturing 1,3-butadiene.

Systems and methods for separating a mixture comprising C.sub.4 hydrocarbons and a solvent have been disclosed. The mixture is produced as a bottom stream of a rectifier column. The mixture is processed in at least two heating and flash-evaporating cycles to remove at least some C.sub.4 hydrocarbons as vapor streams. The resulted liquid stream is further degassed in a degasser column to produce a recycle vapor stream and a lean solvent stream.

Systems and methods for separating a mixture comprising C.sub.4 hydrocarbons and a solvent have been disclosed. The mixture is produced as a bottom stream of a rectifier column. The mixture is processed in at least two heating and flash-evaporating cycles to remove at least some C.sub.4 hydrocarbons as vapor streams. The resulted liquid stream is further degassed in a degasser column to produce a recycle vapor stream and a lean solvent stream.