A C3 hydrocarbon fractionation system includes: a) a unit for providing a feed containing mainly propane and propylene, b) a C3 fractionation column for separating the feed to provide a top product richer in propylene than the feed and a bottom product leaner in propylene than the feed, wherein the bottom product comprises at least 50 wt % of propylene and c) a cumene production unit comprising an alkylation reactor for producing cumene from a propylene feed and a benzene feed, wherein the propylene feed comprises the bottom product of the C3 fractionation column.

A method is provided for predicting conjunct polymer concentration in spent ionic liquid during a continuous hydrocarbon conversion process.

A method is provided for predicting conjunct polymer concentration in spent ionic liquid during a continuous hydrocarbon conversion process.

Hydrodeoxygenating a biorenewable feed that is concentrated in free fatty acids with 10-13 carbon atoms at a moderate hydrodeoxygenation ratio that is less than the ratio of hydrodeoxygenation utilized for traditional biorenewable feeds such as vegetable oil or even mineral feedstocks, normal paraffins in the range desired by the detergents industry can be produced. Either hydroisomerization or an iso-normal separation can be performed to provide green fuel streams. Two reactors are proposed, one for hydrodeoxygenation of the biorenewable feed that is concentrated in free fatty acids with 10-13 carbon atoms and the other for a traditional biorenewable feed or even a mineral feed operated at a higher deoxygenation ratio.

Hydrodeoxygenating a biorenewable feed that is concentrated in free fatty acids with 10-13 carbon atoms at a moderate hydrodeoxygenation ratio that is less than the ratio of hydrodeoxygenation utilized for traditional biorenewable feeds such as vegetable oil or even mineral feedstocks, normal paraffins in the range desired by the detergents industry can be produced. Either hydroisomerization or an iso-normal separation can be performed to provide green fuel streams. Two reactors are proposed, one for hydrodeoxygenation of the biorenewable feed that is concentrated in free fatty acids with 10-13 carbon atoms and the other for a traditional biorenewable feed or even a mineral feed operated at a higher deoxygenation ratio.

A process and related system for producing para-xylene (PX). In an embodiment, the process includes (a) separating a feed stream comprising C.sub.6+ aromatic hydrocarbons into a toluene containing stream and a C.sub.8+ hydrocarbon containing stream and (b) contacting at least part of the toluene containing stream with a methylating agent in a methylation unit to convert toluene to xylenes and produce a methylated effluent stream. In addition, the process includes (c) recovering PX from the methylated effluent stream in (b) to produce a PX depleted stream and (d) transalkylating the PX depleted stream to produce a transalkylation effluent stream. The transalkylation effluent stream includes a higher concentration of toluene than the PX depleted stream. Further, the process includes (e) converting at least some ethylbenzene (EB) within the C.sub.8+ hydrocarbon containing stream into toluene and (f) flowing the toluene converted in (e) to the contacting in (b).

A process and related system for producing para-xylene (PX). In an embodiment, the process includes (a) separating a feed stream comprising C.sub.6+ aromatic hydrocarbons into a toluene containing stream and a C.sub.8+ hydrocarbon containing stream and (b) contacting at least part of the toluene containing stream with a methylating agent in a methylation unit to convert toluene to xylenes and produce a methylated effluent stream. In addition, the process includes (c) recovering PX from the methylated effluent stream in (b) to produce a PX depleted stream and (d) transalkylating the PX depleted stream to produce a transalkylation effluent stream. The transalkylation effluent stream includes a higher concentration of toluene than the PX depleted stream. Further, the process includes (e) converting at least some ethylbenzene (EB) within the C.sub.8+ hydrocarbon containing stream into toluene and (f) flowing the toluene converted in (e) to the contacting in (b).

A process for producing a para-xylene product from a hydrocarbon feed includes: hydrocracking the hydrocarbon feed in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a hydrocracking product; separating the hydrocracking product to obtain a gas stream and a liquid stream, the liquid stream comprising benzene, toluene, xylene, C.sub.9+ hydrocarbon, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; separating the liquid stream to obtain a toluene stream, wherein toluene is present in the toluene stream in an amount equal to or greater than 70 wt %, preferably equal to or greater than 80 wt %, more preferably equal to or greater than 95 wt %, based on the total weight of the toluene stream; and reacting the toluene stream with methanol to obtain the para-xylene product.

A process for producing a para-xylene product from a hydrocarbon feed includes: hydrocracking the hydrocarbon feed in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a hydrocracking product; separating the hydrocracking product to obtain a gas stream and a liquid stream, the liquid stream comprising benzene, toluene, xylene, C.sub.9+ hydrocarbon, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing; separating the liquid stream to obtain a toluene stream, wherein toluene is present in the toluene stream in an amount equal to or greater than 70 wt %, preferably equal to or greater than 80 wt %, more preferably equal to or greater than 95 wt %, based on the total weight of the toluene stream; and reacting the toluene stream with methanol to obtain the para-xylene product.

The invention provides a modified zeolite, a method of preparing the modified zeolite and a method of one cycle alkylating benzene in presence of one of an unmodified and modified zeolite catalyst. The modified zeolite catalyst includes zeolite with ratio of silica to alumina ranging between 5% to 95% of silica and 95% to 5% alumina, kaolinite and a binder, wherein the zeolite is modified with one or more metal oxides of Lanthanide-series of the Periodic Table. The method of alkylating benzene is one cycle process in presence of a catalyst that includes charging benzene and ethylene gas feedstock to an alkylation zone. Heated benzene and the ethylene gas feedstock are contacted in a fixed bed reactor in the alkylation zone. The catalyst for alkylating benzene is added in a catalyst zone of the fixed bed reactor.