Described is a process for producing field butane. The process includes increasing the n-butane concentration in field butane. The process may include a concentration process that includes distillation and a thermal cracking process.

A process for producing natural gasoline. The process includes increasing the n-pentane concentration of debutanized natural gasoline. The process may include a first concentration process that includes distillation and a second concentration process that includes simulated moving bed adsorption.

Aspects of the invention relate to enhanced oxygen transfer agent systems and methods of use thereof. According to one aspect, a method for producing olefins from a hydrocarbon feed includes the step of contacting a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes with an oxygen transfer agent at a temperature of 350° C. to 1000° C. The oxygen transfer agent comprising an oxygen-donating chalcogen agent comprised of at least one of S, Se, or Te and a reducible metal oxide. The chalcogen having an oxidation state greater than +2. According to another aspect, a method for producing one or more olefins by partial combustion of a hydrocarbon feed includes partially combusting a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes by contacting the hydrocarbon feed with an oxygen transfer agent comprising CaS0.sub.4 at a temperature of 350° C. to 1000° C. to produce one or more olefins comprising ethylene and coproducing water.

The invention relates to a process for producing an oligomerization catalyst comprising nickel oxide and a silicon-alumina support material, wherein the silica-alumina support material is in the ammonium form. The present invention further relates to a process for oligomerization of C3- to C6-olefins using the oligomerization catalyst produced according to the invention.

A mixed metal oxide solid acid catalyst composition is disclosed which provides substantially improved conversion for hydrocarbon transformation reactions namely, alkylation and isomerization. The catalyst composition includes a sulfate ion, Platinum group metal and a mixed metal oxide support material bearing molecular formula:

x.sub.1ZrO.sub.2.x.sub.2Al.sub.2O.sub.3.x.sub.3Yb.sub.2O.sub.3.x.sub.4CuO

wherein the molar coefficients for individual metal oxides are as follows:
x1=55 to 7510.sup.2; x2=12 to 2510.sup.2; x3=1 to 610.sup.2 and x4=0.1 to 510.sup.2;

The concentration of the sulfate ion on the aforementioned catalyst support is between 5 to 17 wt % and that of Platinum group metal is 0.05 to 2.0 wt %.

A bisphenol composition including a specific amount of aromatic alcohol sulfonate, and a simple method of producing it are provided. Also provided is a method of producing a polycarbonate resin in which, by using the bisphenol composition including a specific amount of aromatic alcohol sulfonate, melt polymerization reaction can be efficiently allowed to proceed to produce a polycarbonate resin having an excellent color tone. A bisphenol composition including an aromatic alcohol sulfonate at not less than 0.1 ppb by mass with respect to a bisphenol. A method of producing a bisphenol composition, including reacting a ketone or an aldehyde with an aromatic alcohol in the presence of sulfuric acid to produce a bisphenol composition. A method of producing a polycarbonate resin, including producing a polycarbonate resin using the bisphenol composition. A polycarbonate resin including a specific amount of aromatic alcohol sulfonate.

Provided is a thermally stable bisphenol composition whose increase in the Hazen color number is suppressed even under higher temperature conditions. A bisphenol composition including an aryl alkyl sulfide or a dialkyl disulfide at 0.1 ppb by mass to 1% by mass with respect to a bisphenol. A bisphenol composition including an aryl alkyl sulfide or a dialkyl disulfide at a predetermined ratio is thermally stable in terms of the Hazen color number, and shows no coloring problem under high temperature conditions. By using such a bisphenol composition, a polycarbonate resin having an excellent color tone can be produced.

Aspects of the invention relate to enhanced oxygen transfer agent systems and methods of use thereof. According to one aspect, a method for producing olefins from a hydrocarbon feed includes the step of contacting a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes with an oxygen transfer agent at a temperature of 350 C. to 1000 C. The oxygen transfer agent comprising an oxygen-donating chalcogen agent comprised of at least one of S, Se, or Te and a reducible metal oxide. The chalcogen having an oxidation state greater than +2. According to another aspect, a method for producing one or more olefins by partial combustion of a hydrocarbon feed includes partially combusting a hydrocarbon feed comprised of one or more alkanes by contacting the hydrocarbon feed with an oxygen transfer agent comprising CaS0.sub.4 at a temperature of 350 C. to 1000 C. to produce one or more olefins comprising ethylene and coproducing water.

A process for producing natural gasoline. The process includes increasing the n-pentane concentration of debutanized natural gasoline. The process may include a first concentration process that includes distillation and a second concentration process that includes simulated moving bed adsorption.

The invention relates to a process for producing an oligomerization catalyst comprising nickel oxide and a silicon-alumina support material, wherein the silica-alumina support material is in the ammonium form. The present invention further relates to a process for oligomerization of C3- to C6-olefins using the oligomerization catalyst produced according to the invention.