A compound is represented by a formula (1) below. In the formula (1), n is 1 or 2. Ar.sup.1 is represented by a formula (2) below. Ar.sup.2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group having 1 to 20 ring atoms. Ar.sup.3 is represented by a formula (3) below. ##STR00001##

The invention discloses functionalized poly(2,6-dimethyl phenylene oxide oxide) oligomers containing dicyclopentadiene, a method of producing the same and use thereof. The cured products of the functionalized poly(2,6-dimethyl phenylene oxide oxide) oligomers of the invention exhibit low dielectric constant, low dissipation, and high glass transition temperature. As the functionalized poly(2,6-dimethyl phenylene oxide oxide) oligomers of the invention have number-average molecular weight ranging from 2500 to 6000 g/mol, the substrate made of theses functionalized poly(2,6-dimethyl phenylene oxide oxide) oligomers can pass the pressure cook test. Besides, the low dissipation factor characteristic the functionalized poly(2,6-dimethyl phenylene oxide oxide) oligomers of the invention can only be demonstrated at number-average molecular weight higher than 2500 g/mol.

Systems and methods for producing dicyclopentadiene from cyclopentadiene using reactive jet mixing are disclosed. A C.sub.5 hydrocarbon mixture that comprises cyclopentadiene (C.sub.5H.sub.6) is injected as a jet stream into C.sub.5 hydrocarbon liquid in a reactor tank. Under appropriate reaction conditions, cyclopentadiene is dimerized to form dicyclopentadiene.

The present disclosure provides a modified allyl compound, and a modified bismaleimide prepolymer. The modified allyl compound is represented by formula (1), has a cyclopentadiene structure represented by formula (2), and contains a benzene ring or a benzene ring substituted with a linear alkane of lower polarity.

A hydrocarbon production method for producing hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon mixture includes: a first extractive distillation step of performing extractive distillation of an extractive distillation target to obtain a fraction (A) in which isoprene and piperylene are enriched and a fraction (B) in which a linear hydrocarbon and a branched hydrocarbon are enriched; a first distillation step of obtaining a fraction (C) in which isoprene is enriched and a fraction (D) in which piperylene is enriched from the fraction (A); a dehydrogenation step of performing dehydrogenation or oxidative dehydrogenation of either or both of the linear hydrocarbon and the branched hydrocarbon contained in the fraction (B) to obtain a dehydrogenated product; and a recovery step of supplying the dehydrogenated product to an extractive distillation column or a distillation column and obtaining isoprene and/or piperylene from the dehydrogenated product.

Systems and methods for producing dicyclopentadiene via thermal dimerization of cyclopentadiene. The feed stream comprising cyclopentadiene is flowed through four shell and tube heat exchangers in series. Each of the shell and tube heat exchangers comprise a shell and one or more tubes disposed in the shell. The feed stream is flowed in the tubes while the heat transfer medium is flowed in the shell to absorb the exothermic heat released by the dimerization of cyclopentadiene in the tubes. In this way, the temperature in the tubes is controlled at a level where the conversion rate of cyclopentadiene is above 99% and the occurrence of runaway reaction is substantially prevented.

A method for producing tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6]decane-2-carboxylate according to the present invention is a method for producing tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6]decane-2-carboxylate, containing reacting tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6]deca-3-ene in a dilute solution containing the tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6]deca-3-ene with carbon monoxide in the presence of an acid catalyst, followed by reaction with an alcohol, wherein the dilute solution contains 100 parts by mass or more of a tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6]decane isomer mixture based on 100 parts by mass of the tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6]deca-3-ene, the tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6]decane isomer mixture contains endo-tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6]decane (Endo form of TCD) and exo-tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6]decane (Exo form of TCD), and a constituent ratio thereof (Endo form of TCD/Exo form of TCD) is greater than 1.0.

Provided are a tricyclodecane dimethanol composition, in which a ratio of isomers is controlled, and a preparation method thereof.

The present invention is a sulfonium-salt-type polymerizable monomer represented by the following formula (1),

##STR00001## wherein “p” represents an integer of 1 to 3; R.sup.11 represents a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R.sup.f represents a fluorine atom or a fluorine-atom-containing C1-6 group selected from alkyl, alkoxy, and sulfide; “q” represents an integer of 1 to 4; R.sup.ALU represents an acid-labile group; “r” represents an integer of 1 to 4; R.sup.12 represents a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; “s” represents an integer of 0 to 4; “t” represents an integer of 0 to 2; R.sup.f and —O—R.sup.ALU are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms; and A-X.sup.− represents a non-nucleophilic counterion having a polymerizable group A. This provides: a monomer to yield a polymer; the polymer contained in a resist composition; the composition having excellent solvent-solubility, sensitivity, contrast, and lithographic performance, and hardly causing pattern collapse even with fine patterning; and a patterning process using the composition.

Systems and methods for producing dicyclopentadiene via thermal dimerization of cyclopentadiene. The feed stream comprising cyclopentadiene is flowed through four shell and tube heat exchangers in series. Each of the shell and tube heat exchangers comprise a shell and one or more tubes disposed in the shell. The feed stream is flowed in the tubes while the heat transfer medium is flowed in the shell to absorb the exothermic heat released by the dimerization of cyclopentadiene in the tubes. In this way, the temperature in the tubes is controlled at a level where the conversion rate of cyclopentadiene is above 99% and the occurrence of runaway reaction is substantially prevented.