A total recycling system of capture, conversion and utilization of flue gas from factory, power plant and refinery. A combined decontamination and dust removal unit removes dust and oxides; a capture subsystem captures CO.sub.2; a water unit recovers water; a hydrogen unit decomposes water into hydrogen and oxygen, and the oxygen is fed into a water gas unit to support combustion and extract hydrogen; a conversion subsystem enables a catalytic reaction between CO.sub.2 and hydrogen to convert into methanol and diol; an utilization subsystem makes a supercritical CO.sub.2 nanocellulose slurry, then to be blended with other material particles and extruded to form a supercritical CO.sub.2 nanocellulose foam; an energy subsystem is configured with solar energy, wind energy, and supplements energy by means of residual heat and hydrogen power generation; the system achieve carbon dioxide emission's reduction, conversion and utilization, thoroughly improve air pollution and green house effects.

A process for preparing amides by reacting a primary amine and a primary alcohol in the presence of a Ruthenium complex to generate the amide and molecular hydrogen. Primary amines are directly acylated by equimolar amounts of alcohols to produce amides and molecular hydrogen (the only byproduct) in high yields and high turnover numbers. Also disclosed are processes for hydrogenation of amides to alcohols and amines; hydrogenation of organic carbonates to alcohols; hydrogenation of carbamates or urea derivatives to alcohols and amines; amidation of esters; acylation of alcohols using esters; coupling of alcohols with water and a base to form carboxylic acids; dehydrogenation of beta-amino alcohols to form pyrazines and cyclic dipeptides; and dehydrogenation of secondary alcohols to ketones. These reactions are catalyzed by a Ruthenium complex which is based on a dearomatized PNN-type ligand of formula A1 or precursors thereof of formulae A2 or A3.

A process for preparing amides by reacting a primary amine and a primary alcohol in the presence of a Ruthenium complex to generate the amide and molecular hydrogen. Primary amines are directly acylated by equimolar amounts of alcohols to produce amides and molecular hydrogen (the only byproduct) in high yields and high turnover numbers. Also disclosed are processes for hydrogenation of amides to alcohols and amines; hydrogenation of organic carbonates to alcohols; hydrogenation of carbamates or urea derivatives to alcohols and amines; amidation of esters; acylation of alcohols using esters; coupling of alcohols with water and a base to form carboxylic acids; dehydrogenation of beta-amino alcohols to form pyrazines and cyclic dipeptides; and dehydrogenation of secondary alcohols to ketones. These reactions are catalyzed by a Ruthenium complex which is based on a dearomatized PNN-type ligand of formula A1 or precursors thereof of formulae A2 or A3.

A process for preparing amides by reacting a primary amine and a primary alcohol in the presence of a Ruthenium complex to generate the amide and molecular hydrogen. Primary amines are directly acylated by equimolar amounts of alcohols to produce amides and molecular hydrogen (the only byproduct) in high yields and high turnover numbers. Also disclosed are processes for hydrogenation of amides to alcohols and amines; hydrogenation of organic carbonates to alcohols; hydrogenation of carbamates or urea derivatives to alcohols and amines; amidation of esters; acylation of alcohols using esters; coupling of alcohols with water and a base to form carboxylic acids; dehydrogenation of beta-amino alcohols to form pyrazines and cyclic dipeptides; and dehydrogenation of secondary alcohols to ketones. These reactions are catalyzed by a Ruthenium complex which is based on a dearomatized PNN-type ligand of formula A1 or precursors thereof of formulae A2 or A3.

The present invention is related to a novel and improved process for the preparation of 3,7-dimethylnonan-1-ol.

The present invention is related to a novel and improved process for the preparation of 3,7-dimethylnonan-1-ol.

The invention relates to a process for the production of ethylene glycol including the steps of: (i) reacting, in a reactor, at a temperature in the range from equal to or more than 170° C. to equal to or less than 270° C., at least a portion of a carbohydrate source in the presence of hydrogen, a solvent, a homogeneous catalyst, which homogeneous catalyst contains tungsten, and a heterogeneous catalyst, which heterogeneous catalyst contains one or more transition metals from groups 8, 9 and 10 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, yielding ethylene glycol and a spent heterogeneous catalyst; (ii) regenerating the spent heterogeneous catalyst by removing at least a portion of deposited tungsten species from the spent heterogeneous catalyst, yielding a regenerated heterogeneous catalyst; and (iii) using at least a portion of the regenerated heterogeneous catalyst as heterogeneous catalyst in the reaction of step (i). The invention further relates to a regenerated heterogeneous catalyst composition obtainable therein.

The invention relates to a process for the production of ethylene glycol including the steps of: (i) reacting, in a reactor, at a temperature in the range from equal to or more than 170° C. to equal to or less than 270° C., at least a portion of a carbohydrate source in the presence of hydrogen, a solvent, a homogeneous catalyst, which homogeneous catalyst contains tungsten, and a heterogeneous catalyst, which heterogeneous catalyst contains one or more transition metals from groups 8, 9 and 10 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, yielding ethylene glycol and a spent heterogeneous catalyst; (ii) regenerating the spent heterogeneous catalyst by removing at least a portion of deposited tungsten species from the spent heterogeneous catalyst, yielding a regenerated heterogeneous catalyst; and (iii) using at least a portion of the regenerated heterogeneous catalyst as heterogeneous catalyst in the reaction of step (i). The invention further relates to a regenerated heterogeneous catalyst composition obtainable therein.

The present application relates to methods of producing one or more fatty alcohols and/or one or more fatty aldehydes from one or more unsaturated lipid moieties by combining the obtainment or production of the one or more unsaturated lipid moieties from a biological source with conversion by non-biological means of the one or more unsaturated lipid moieties to one or more fatty alcohols and/or one or more fatty aldehydes. The present application also relates to recombinant microorganisms having a biosynthesis pathway for the production of one or more unsaturated lipid moieties. The one or more fatty alcohols can further be chemically converted to one or more corresponding fatty acetates. The one or more fatty alcohols, one or more fatty aldehydes and/or one or more fatty acetates produced by the methods described herein may be one or more insect pheromones, one or more fragrances, one or more flavoring agents, or one or more polymer intermediates.

The present application relates to methods of producing one or more fatty alcohols and/or one or more fatty aldehydes from one or more unsaturated lipid moieties by combining the obtainment or production of the one or more unsaturated lipid moieties from a biological source with conversion by non-biological means of the one or more unsaturated lipid moieties to one or more fatty alcohols and/or one or more fatty aldehydes. The present application also relates to recombinant microorganisms having a biosynthesis pathway for the production of one or more unsaturated lipid moieties. The one or more fatty alcohols can further be chemically converted to one or more corresponding fatty acetates. The one or more fatty alcohols, one or more fatty aldehydes and/or one or more fatty acetates produced by the methods described herein may be one or more insect pheromones, one or more fragrances, one or more flavoring agents, or one or more polymer intermediates.