The synthesis of a range of pentylbezene-1,3-diol compounds of formula I is disclosed. These compounds bind to cannabinoid 1 and 2 receptors (CB1 and CB2), and are thus presumed to be useful in modulating the activity of such receptors. Accordingly, the use of such synthetic cannabinoids in the treatment of various disorders mediated by CB1 and CB2 is contemplated.

The synthesis of a range of pentylbezene-1,3-diol compounds of formula I is disclosed. These compounds bind to cannabinoid 1 and 2 receptors (CB1 and CB2), and are thus presumed to be useful in modulating the activity of such receptors. Accordingly, the use of such synthetic cannabinoids in the treatment of various disorders mediated by CB1 and CB2 is contemplated.

An onium salt having formula (1) serving as an acid diffusion inhibitor and a chemically amplified resist composition comprising the acid diffusion inhibitor are provided. When processed by lithography, the resist composition exhibits a high sensitivity, and excellent lithography performance factors such as CDU and LWR.

##STR00001##

The disclosure is directed to compounds and methods for preparing purified macrocyclic peptide using catch-release methods. These methods comprise reacting a free amino group of a resin-bound linear peptide with an azide- or alkyne-functionalized cap to form a resin-bound capped linear peptide having an azide- or alkyne-functionalized cap; cleaving said capped linear peptide from the resin to form a free capped linear peptide having an azide- or alkyne-functionalized cap; reacting the free capped linear peptide having an azide-functionalized cap with an alkyne-functionalized catch resin, or reacting the free capped linear peptide having an akynyl-functionalized cap with an azide functionalized catch resin, to form a catch-resin bound capped linear peptide; reacting the catch-resin bound capped linear peptide under conditions sufficient to effect macrocyclization of the linear peptide and release of the macrocyclic peptide from the catch resin.

The disclosure is directed to compounds and methods for preparing purified macrocyclic peptide using catch-release methods. These methods comprise reacting a free amino group of a resin-bound linear peptide with an azide- or alkyne-functionalized cap to form a resin-bound capped linear peptide having an azide- or alkyne-functionalized cap; cleaving said capped linear peptide from the resin to form a free capped linear peptide having an azide- or alkyne-functionalized cap; reacting the free capped linear peptide having an azide-functionalized cap with an alkyne-functionalized catch resin, or reacting the free capped linear peptide having an akynyl-functionalized cap with an azide functionalized catch resin, to form a catch-resin bound capped linear peptide; reacting the catch-resin bound capped linear peptide under conditions sufficient to effect macrocyclization of the linear peptide and release of the macrocyclic peptide from the catch resin.

Provided is an electron-accepting substance precursor comprising a sulfonic acid ester compound represented by formula (1). ##STR00001##
(In the formula, R.sup.1-R.sup.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or a straight-chain or branched C1-6 alkyl group. R.sup.5 represents a C2-20 monovalent hydrocarbon group which may be substituted. A.sup.1 represents O or S. A.sup.2 represents a group having a valence of (n+1) and derived from naphthalene or anthracene. A.sup.3 represents a group having a valence of m and derived from perfluorinated biphenyl. m represents an integer satisfying 2m4. n represents an integer satisfying 1n4).

Provided is an electron-accepting substance precursor comprising a sulfonic acid ester compound represented by formula (1). ##STR00001##
(In the formula, R.sup.1-R.sup.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or a straight-chain or branched C1-6 alkyl group. R.sup.5 represents a C2-20 monovalent hydrocarbon group which may be substituted. A.sup.1 represents O or S. A.sup.2 represents a group having a valence of (n+1) and derived from naphthalene or anthracene. A.sup.3 represents a group having a valence of m and derived from perfluorinated biphenyl. m represents an integer satisfying 2m4. n represents an integer satisfying 1n4).

Provided is a sulfonic acid ester compound which is represented by formula (1).

##STR00001##

(In the formula, each of R.sup.1s-R.sup.5s independently represents a hydrogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a halogenated alkyl group or a halogenated alkenyl group; each of R.sup.6s-R.sup.9s independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group; R.sup.10s represents a linear or branched monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group or OR.sup.11s, wherein R.sup.11s represents an optionally substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 2-20 carbon atoms; A.sup.1 represents O, S or NH; A.sup.2 represents an (n+1)-valent aromatic group; and n represents an integer that satisfies 1n4.)

Provided is a sulfonic acid ester compound which is represented by formula (1).

##STR00001##

(In the formula, each of R.sup.1s-R.sup.5s independently represents a hydrogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a halogenated alkyl group or a halogenated alkenyl group; each of R.sup.6s-R.sup.9s independently represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group; R.sup.10s represents a linear or branched monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group or OR.sup.11s, wherein R.sup.11s represents an optionally substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 2-20 carbon atoms; A.sup.1 represents O, S or NH; A.sup.2 represents an (n+1)-valent aromatic group; and n represents an integer that satisfies 1n4.)

Disclosed are HPTS series derivatives and a synthesis method thereof, belonging to the field of organic synthesis. The HPTS series derivatives are prepared by introducing alkylamine or alcohol into sulfonic acid groups of HPTS. The synthesis method comprises the following steps: subjecting HPTS and phosphorus oxychloride to heating and reflux reaction for 12 hours under catalysis of DMF to obtain a reaction product; introducing the reaction product into ice water, stirring, precipitating solid, and performing suction filtration to obtain HPTS-SO.sub.2Cl; dissolving the HPTS-SO.sub.2Cl in tetrahydrofuran to prepare solution A, and dissolving alkylamine or alcohol in tetrahydrofuran to prepare solution B; mixing the solution A with the solution B and then reacting for 24 hours at normal temperature, obtaining a product by rotary evaporation, and obtaining a pure compound after separation through columns. The derivatives have strong fat solubility, overcome the defect of a very strong water solubility.