One-step cyanide-catalyzed benzoin condensations for synthesizing shape persistent cyclobenzoin macrocycles. Selected dialdehydes, and cyanide salts are reacted in aqueous solvents to form such cyclobenzoin macrocycles.

One-step cyanide-catalyzed benzoin condensations for synthesizing shape persistent cyclobenzoin macrocycles. Selected dialdehydes, and cyanide salts are reacted in aqueous solvents to form such cyclobenzoin macrocycles.

One-step cyanide-catalyzed benzoin condensations for synthesizing shape persistent cyclobenzoin macrocycles. Selected dialdehydes, and cyanide salts are reacted in aqueous solvents to form such cyclobenzoin macrocycles.

Small molecule xanthine oxidase inhibitors are provided, as well as methods for their use in treating gout or hyperuricemia.

Small molecule xanthine oxidase inhibitors are provided, as well as methods for their use in treating gout or hyperuricemia.

Small molecule xanthine oxidase inhibitors are provided, as well as methods for their use in treating gout or hyperuricemia.

Small molecule xanthine oxidase inhibitors are provided, as well as methods for their use in treating gout or hyperuricemia.

Small molecule xanthine oxidase inhibitors are provided, as well as methods for their use in treating gout or hyperuricemia.

Small molecule xanthine oxidase inhibitors are provided, as well as methods for their use in treating gout or hyperuricemia.

Small molecule xanthine oxidase inhibitors are provided, as well as methods for their use in treating gout or hyperuricemia.