The present invention relates to novel hydroxyl compounds, compositions comprising hydroxyl compounds, and methods useful for treating and preventing a variety of diseases and conditions such as, but not limited to aging, Alzheimer's Disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, a disorder of glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, dyslipoproteinemia, hypertension, impotence, inflammation, insulin resistance, lipid elimination in bile, obesity, oxysterol elimination in bile, pancreatitis, pancreatitius, Parkinson's disease, a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-associated disorder, phospholipid elimination in bile, renal disease, septicemia, metabolic syndrome disorders (e.g., Syndrome X), thrombotic disorder. Compounds and methods of the invention can also be used to modulate C reactive protein or enhance bile production in a patient. In certain embodiments, the compounds, compositions, and methods of the invention are useful in combination therapy with other therapeutics, such as hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic agents.

A method of identifying a Mycobacterium using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), disclosed herein, comprises disposing a sample suspected to comprise a Mycobacterium on a SERS-active substrate, detecting surface enhanced Raman signals corresponding to an alpha-mycolic acid, a methoxy-mycolic acid, and a keto-mycolic acid from the sample disposed on the SERS-active substrate, and determining one or more ratios of intensity of the surface enhanced Raman signals to identify the Mycobacterium. Disclosed herein also includes a method of detecting a mycobacterial disease using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), the method comprising identifying a Mycobacterium according to the method described above, and determining the mycobacterial disease based on the Mycobacterium identified.

A radiation-sensitive resin composition contains: a polymer having an acid-labile group, a radiation-sensitive acid generator, a compound represented by the following formula (1), and a solvent. In the formula (1), X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally two or more of R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 taken together represent an alicyclic structure having 3 to 20 ring atoms or an aliphatic heterocyclic structure having 3 to 20 ring atoms together with the carbon atom to which the two or more of R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 bond; Z.sup.n+ represents a cation having a valency of n; and n is an integer of 1 to 3. ##STR00001##

A radiation-sensitive resin composition contains: a polymer having an acid-labile group, a radiation-sensitive acid generator, a compound represented by the following formula (1), and a solvent. In the formula (1), X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and optionally two or more of R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 taken together represent an alicyclic structure having 3 to 20 ring atoms or an aliphatic heterocyclic structure having 3 to 20 ring atoms together with the carbon atom to which the two or more of R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 bond; Z.sup.n+ represents a cation having a valency of n; and n is an integer of 1 to 3. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides treprostinil derivatives that can act as prodrugs of treprostinil. The treprostinil derivatives can be used to treat any conditions responsive to treatment with treprostinil, including pulmonary hypertension, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension.

The present disclosure provides treprostinil derivatives that can act as prodrugs of treprostinil. The treprostinil derivatives can be used to treat any conditions responsive to treatment with treprostinil, including pulmonary hypertension, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension.

The present disclosure provides treprostinil derivatives that can act as prodrugs of treprostinil. The treprostinil derivatives can be used to treat any conditions responsive to treatment with treprostinil, including pulmonary hypertension, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension.

The present disclosure provides treprostinil derivatives that can act as prodrugs of treprostinil. The treprostinil derivatives can be used to treat any conditions responsive to treatment with treprostinil, including pulmonary hypertension, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension.

A photobase generator includes a compound including a first skeleton represented by the following formula (a), and a second skeleton including a nitrogen atom bonding to a bonding position of the first skeleton to form an amide group, wherein the compound generates a base, in which a hydrogen atom is bonding with the nitrogen atom of the second skeleton, by light irradiation, and the pKa of a conjugate acid of the base in water is 12 or more. In formula (a), G is a divalent aromatic group, and * represents the bonding position with the nitrogen atom.

##STR00001##

A photobase generator includes a compound including a first skeleton represented by the following formula (a), and a second skeleton including a nitrogen atom bonding to a bonding position of the first skeleton to form an amide group, wherein the compound generates a base, in which a hydrogen atom is bonding with the nitrogen atom of the second skeleton, by light irradiation, and the pKa of a conjugate acid of the base in water is 12 or more. In formula (a), G is a divalent aromatic group, and * represents the bonding position with the nitrogen atom.

##STR00001##