Novel reagents comprising MS active, fluorescent compounds having an activated functionality for reaction with aldehydes and useful in labeling biomolecules such as glycans and methods of making the same are taught and described.

Novel reagents comprising MS active, fluorescent compounds having an activated functionality for reaction with aldehydes and useful in labeling biomolecules such as glycans and methods of making the same are taught and described.

A method for a high yield production of a difluoromethyl-substituted aromatic heterocyclic compound having a partial structure represented by formula (II), which includes reacting an N-oxido aromatic heterocyclic compound having a partial structure represented by formula (I) with tetrafluoroethylene in a solvent selected from an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, an ester solvent, and an ether solvent.

##STR00001##

A method for a high yield production of a difluoromethyl-substituted aromatic heterocyclic compound having a partial structure represented by formula (II), which includes reacting an N-oxido aromatic heterocyclic compound having a partial structure represented by formula (I) with tetrafluoroethylene in a solvent selected from an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, an ester solvent, and an ether solvent.

##STR00001##

Compounds and methods of treating HIV-1 in a human infected with HIV-1 or preventing HIV-1 infection in a human susceptible to infection with HIV-1 are provided. The compounds are of formula (I), (II), and (IA), wherein R.sup.1-R.sup.7, X, X′, Y, Y′, Z, and n are defined herein, and the methods comprises administering therapeutically effective amounts of these compounds to the human.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.

The present invention relates to novel compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and to their use in therapy.

The present invention relates to novel compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and to their use in therapy.

The present disclosure provides compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.

This document provides methods and materials for increasing the level of phosphorylated AMPK. For example, compounds (e.g., organic compounds) having the ability to increase the level of phosphorylated AMPK within cells, formulations containing compounds having the ability to increase the level of phosphorylated AMPK within cells, methods for making compounds having the ability to increase the level of phosphorylated AMPK within cells, methods for making formulations containing compounds having the ability to increase the level of phosphorylated AMPK within cells, methods for increasing the level of phosphorylated AMPK within cells, and methods for treating mammals (e.g., humans) having a condition responsive to an increase in the level of phosphorylated AMPK are provided.