The compounds of the present invention are represented by the following compounds having Formula I and Formula (I′): where the substituents R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.2′, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R′, R″, X, Y, and Z are as defined herein and where the substituents R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R′, R″, X, Y, and Z are as defined herein. These compounds are used in the treatment of bacterial infections, parasite infections, fungal infections, cancer, immunologic disorders, autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and disorders, inflammatory disorders, or muscular dystrophy or for providing immunosuppression for transplanted organs or tissues.

##STR00001##

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural chemicals, and in particular relates to a pyridazinol compound represented by the Formula I, a derivative, preparation method, herbicidal composition and use thereof. The compound, derivative and herbicidal composition thereof have very high herbicidal activity and selectivity, and are safe for crops,

##STR00001##

The present invention provides compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.

The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I). It also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound of formula (I) and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable support. Finally, it relates to the compounds of formula (I) for use in a method of medical treatment, preferably in the treatment of a nervous and/or respiratory failure due to intoxication with at least one organo-phosphorous nerve agent (OPNA); in the treatment of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease; and/or in the treatment of cancer. The compounds act as reactivators of OPNA-inhibited hAChE (human acetylcholinesterase).

##STR00001##

The present disclosure relates to inhibitors of zinc-dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs) useful in the treatment of diseases or disorders associated with an HDAC, e.g., HDAC6, having a Formula I:

##STR00001##

where R, L, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3, X.sup.4, Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, Y.sup.3, and Y.sup.4 are described herein.

The present disclosure relates to inhibitors of zinc-dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs) useful in the treatment of diseases or disorders associated with an HDAC, e.g., HDAC6, having a Formula I:

##STR00001##

where R, L, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3, X.sup.4, Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, Y.sup.3, and Y.sup.4 are described herein.

Certain compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof, are provided herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle. Methods of treating patients suffering from certain diseases and disorders responsive to the inhibition of KMO activity are described, which comprise administering to such patients an amount of at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein effective to reduce signs or symptoms of the disease or disorder are disclosed. These diseases include neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington's disease. Also described are methods of treatment include administering at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein as a single active agent or administering at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein in combination with one or more other therapeutic agents. Also provided are methods for screening compounds capable of inhibiting KMO activity.

Certain compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof, are provided herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle. Methods of treating patients suffering from certain diseases and disorders responsive to the inhibition of KMO activity are described, which comprise administering to such patients an amount of at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein effective to reduce signs or symptoms of the disease or disorder are disclosed. These diseases include neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington's disease. Also described are methods of treatment include administering at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein as a single active agent or administering at least one compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, described herein in combination with one or more other therapeutic agents. Also provided are methods for screening compounds capable of inhibiting KMO activity.

Provided is a novel probe for a biological specimen for labelling by itself and clearly visualizing one of a specific cell and a specific cell organ in a living body, the probe having excellent spectral characteristics and exhibiting excellent storage stability. The probe for a biological specimen contains, as an active agent, at least one kind of compound represented by a general formula (I). ##STR00001##

Provided is a novel probe for a biological specimen for labelling by itself and clearly visualizing one of a specific cell and a specific cell organ in a living body, the probe having excellent spectral characteristics and exhibiting excellent storage stability. The probe for a biological specimen contains, as an active agent, at least one kind of compound represented by a general formula (I). ##STR00001##