Pharmaceutical compositions in which isolated cannabinoid receptor modulators are optionally combined with terpene blends in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Methods for treating or preventing a disease, disorder, dysfunction or condition caused by exposure to an organophosphate or carbamate acetylcholineestrate inhibitor with the inventive compositions are also disclosed.

A synthetic route to scopolamine and/or atropine. In such context, the present invention identifies a method for preparing 6,7-dehydro atropine, which can be converted into either scopolamine and/or atropine, along with a method for converting a protected pyrrole into a tetrachlorobicylic compound, such as benzyl 3-oxo-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-ene-8-carboxylate.

A synthetic route to scopolamine and/or atropine. In such context, the present invention identifies a method for preparing 6,7-dehydro atropine, which can be converted into either scopolamine and/or atropine, along with a method for converting a protected pyrrole into a tetrachlorobicylic compound, such as benzyl 3-oxo-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-ene-8-carboxylate.

The present invention relates to a method of mono-deuterated-lower-alkylating the amine part in a compound having an amine protected with an aralkyl, which comprises introducing mono-deuterated lower-alkyl into the amine with a deuterated-lower-alkylating agent under neutral or basic condition, and then deprotecting the aralkyl group.

The present invention relates to a method of mono-deuterated-lower-alkylating the amine part in a compound having an amine protected with an aralkyl, which comprises introducing mono-deuterated lower-alkyl into the amine with a deuterated-lower-alkylating agent under neutral or basic condition, and then deprotecting the aralkyl group.

The present invention provides in one aspect azabicyclo and diazepine derivatives useful as modulators of muscarinic receptors. In another aspect, the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions for treating ocular diseases, the compositions comprising at least one muscarinic receptor modulator.

A synthetic route to scopolamine and/or atropine. In such context, the present invention identifies a method for preparing 6,7-dehydro atropine, which can be converted into either scopolamine and/or atropine, along with a method for converting a protected pyrrole into a tetrachlorobicylic compound, such as benzyl 3-oxo-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-ene-8-carboxylate.

A synthetic route to scopolamine and/or atropine. In such context, the present invention identifies a method for preparing 6,7-dehydro atropine, which can be converted into either scopolamine and/or atropine, along with a method for converting a protected pyrrole into a tetrachlorobicylic compound, such as benzyl 3-oxo-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-ene-8-carboxylate.

Pharmaceutical compositions in which isolated cannabinoid receptor modulators are optionally combined with terpene blends in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Methods for treating or preventing a disease disorder dysfunction or condition caused by exposure to an organophosphate or carbamate acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with the inventive compositions are also disclosed.

Pharmaceutical compositions in which isolated cannabinoid receptor modulators are optionally combined with terpene blends in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Methods for treating or preventing a disease disorder dysfunction or condition caused by exposure to an organophosphate or carbamate acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with the inventive compositions are also disclosed.