The invention relates to acrylonitrile-based cation exchangers, to a process for the production thereof and to the use thereof for decationization and/or softening of aqueous or organic solutions.

A modified copolymer is provided. The modified copolymer includes a random copolymer of a repeat unit of formula (I) and a repeat unit of formula (II) ##STR00001##
wherein M is derived from monomers with double bonds, R is a direct bond or an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, an alkylcarbonyloxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, a carbonyl group, an ether group, an ester group, an amide group, an aromatic group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, or a divalent group having any of the above groups, wherein m and x are positive integers less than 50. The weight average molecular weight of the modified copolymer is between 3000 and 30000.

A modified copolymer is provided. The modified copolymer includes a random copolymer of a repeat unit of formula (I) and a repeat unit of formula (II) ##STR00001##
wherein M is derived from monomers with double bonds, R is a direct bond or an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, an alkylcarbonyloxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, a carbonyl group, an ether group, an ester group, an amide group, an aromatic group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, or a divalent group having any of the above groups, wherein m and x are positive integers less than 50. The weight average molecular weight of the modified copolymer is between 3000 and 30000.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method which can produce an ionic liquid-containing network structure with high productivity. A method for producing an ionic liquid-containing structure, which includes an inorganic particle network structure forming step of forming a network structure by inorganic particles in the presence of an ionic liquid, and a polymer network structure forming step of forming a network structure by polymerization of a monomer component containing at least a polar group-containing monomer in the presence of the ionic liquid is provided.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method which can produce an ionic liquid-containing network structure with high productivity. A method for producing an ionic liquid-containing structure, which includes an inorganic particle network structure forming step of forming a network structure by inorganic particles in the presence of an ionic liquid, and a polymer network structure forming step of forming a network structure by polymerization of a monomer component containing at least a polar group-containing monomer in the presence of the ionic liquid is provided.

Provided is a resin for nanoimprinting, which is capable of preventing removal of a transfer-receiving resin from a substrate when a mold is separated during nanoimprinting, and which is also capable of transferring a pattern on a mold to a transfer-receiving resin with high accuracy during thermal nanoimprinting, while improving the throughput. A resin for nanoimprinting, which is represented by formula (1).

##STR00001## (In the formula, each of R.sub.1-R.sub.5 independently represents H or OH, and at least one of the R.sub.1-R.sub.5 moieties represents OH; R.sub.6 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1-20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6-20 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having 7-20 carbon atoms; X represents an amide or an ester; Y may be absent, or represents an amide or an ester; P represents an integer of 1-10; and each of m and n represents an integer of 1 or more.)

Provided is a resin for nanoimprinting, which is capable of preventing removal of a transfer-receiving resin from a substrate when a mold is separated during nanoimprinting, and which is also capable of transferring a pattern on a mold to a transfer-receiving resin with high accuracy during thermal nanoimprinting, while improving the throughput. A resin for nanoimprinting, which is represented by formula (1).

##STR00001## (In the formula, each of R.sub.1-R.sub.5 independently represents H or OH, and at least one of the R.sub.1-R.sub.5 moieties represents OH; R.sub.6 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1-20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6-20 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having 7-20 carbon atoms; X represents an amide or an ester; Y may be absent, or represents an amide or an ester; P represents an integer of 1-10; and each of m and n represents an integer of 1 or more.)

A modified copolymer is provided. The modified copolymer includes a random copolymer of a repeat unit of formula (I) and a repeat unit of formula (II)

##STR00001##

wherein M is derived from monomers with double bonds, R is a direct bond or an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, an alkylcarbonyloxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, a carbonyl group, an ether group, an ester group, an amide group, an aromatic group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, or a divalent group having any of the above groups, wherein m and x are positive integers less than 50. The weight average molecular weight of the modified copolymer is between 3000 and 30000.

A modified copolymer is provided. The modified copolymer includes a random copolymer of a repeat unit of formula (I) and a repeat unit of formula (II)

##STR00001##

wherein M is derived from monomers with double bonds, R is a direct bond or an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, an alkylcarbonyloxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, a carbonyl group, an ether group, an ester group, an amide group, an aromatic group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, or a divalent group having any of the above groups, wherein m and x are positive integers less than 50. The weight average molecular weight of the modified copolymer is between 3000 and 30000.

The present invention relates to an adhesive film including a photothermal conversion layer including a light absorber and a thermally decomposable resin; and an adhesive layer, in which the thermally decomposable resin has a COOH or OH functional group and includes two kinds of acrylic resins having different weight average molecular weights, and an adhesive substrate including the adhesive film and a substrate to be processed. In the adhesive film and the adhesive substrate according to the present invention, it is possible to simplify a processing process of the substrate and reduce costs and time, and prevent damage to a substrate and a circuit or an element formed on the substrate.